据报道,吉本斯通常生活在社会一夫一妻制的小型家庭中,两性在成年后就会分散。第一次,我们记录了长臂猿种群的扩散模式,这些长臂猿生活在稳定的多角群中(Nomascusconcolor),结合了16年的野外观察和粪便DNA的遗传信息。所有亚成年男性,除了分布在9.8±1.4岁的男性(范围:8-12,N=10)。最后一个雄性留在他的出生组中,并在11岁时通过驱逐原始的优势雄性获得了繁殖位置。雌性在8岁(N=4)时达到性成熟(身体颜色从黑色到黄色的变化证明了这一点)。其中三人分散,一人获得了繁殖雌性的位置,并在其出生组中繁殖。我们还观察到,在假定的父亲被邻近的男性接管后,一名女性带着婴儿回到了她的出生组。我们仅从Dazhaizi的22个个体中鉴定出三种mtDNA单倍型。一组中的个体共享相同的单倍型,只有一个例外。遗传结果显示,在本研究结束时,在所有三个研究组中,两株育苗雌均为母女对,暗示一定程度的女性哲学.我们认为,在黑冠长臂猿的情况下,分散决定似乎代表了对其出生和邻近群体的生殖机会的高度机会主义事件。
Gibbons are generally reported to live in small socially monogamous family groups in which both sexes disperse when they reach maturity. For the first time, we documented the dispersal pattern in a population of gibbons living in stable polygynous groups (Nomascus concolor) integrating 16 years\' field observation and genetic information from fecal DNA. All subadult males except for one dispersed at 9.8 ± 1.4 years of age (range: 8-12, N = 10). The last male remained in his natal group and obtained the breeding position at age 11 by evicting the original dominant male. Females reached sexual maturity (as evidenced by the change in body color from black to yellow) at 8 years (N = 4). Three of them dispersed and one obtained a position as a breeding female and bred in her natal group. We also observed one female returning to her natal group with her infant after her presumed father was taken over by a neighboring male. We identified only three mtDNA haplotypes from 22 individuals at Dazhaizi. Individuals in one group shared the same haplotype, with only one exception. Genetic results showed that the two breeding females were mother-daughter pairs in all three study groups at the end of this study, implying some degree of female
philopatry. We argue that in the case of black crested gibbons, dispersal decisions appear to represent highly opportunistic events in response to reproductive opportunities in their natal and neighboring groups.