目的:本研究旨在研究新生儿重症监护病房新生儿听力损失的危险因素。
方法:对新生儿重症监护病房的572名新生儿进行听力筛查。未通过筛查测试的人将被转介进行诊断测试。
结果:自动听觉脑干反应的通过率,首次听力筛查时的失真产物耳声发射和声阻抗测试为69.93%,70.02%,1144耳92.92%。首次筛查失败与早产相关,出生体重很低,修改后的高龄产妇年龄,新生儿高胆红素血症和活动,脉搏,鬼脸,外观,呼吸评分小于8分。30例脑干听觉诱发电位诊断性听力测试失败,28个耳声发射失败,33个声阻抗失败,这与早产有关,出生体重很低,双胞胎,高龄产妇和修正高龄产妇。
结论:大多数需要听力复测的新生儿的听力水平异常是完全或部分可逆的。早产,出生体重很低,双胞胎和高龄是听力障碍的潜在危险因素。
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to research risk factors of hearing loss among neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit.
METHODS: Hearing screening tests were performed on 572 neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. Those who failed screening tests were referred for diagnostic tests.
RESULTS: The pass rates for automated auditory brainstem response, distortion product otoacoustic emission and acoustic impedance tests at first hearing screening were 69.93 per cent, 70.02 per cent and 92.92 per cent for 1144 ears. Failure in the first screening correlated with preterm birth, very low birth weight, revised advanced maternal age, neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and Activity, Pulse, Grimace, Appearance, Respiration score less than 8. Thirty cases failed in diagnostic hearing tests for brainstem auditory evoked potentials, 28 failed in otoacoustic emissions and 33 failed in acoustic impedance, which correlated with preterm birth, very low birth weight, twins, advanced maternal age and revised advanced maternal age.
CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities in the hearing levels of most neonates who needed hearing retests were completely or partially reversible. Preterm birth, very low birth weight, twins and advanced maternal age are potential risk factors for hearing impairment.