■对于青少年足球运动员,良好的短跑和跳跃能力对他们的运动表现至关重要。补强训练在青少年足球运动员爆发力上的应用取决于成熟阶段,可以调解训练引起的适应。
■本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在探讨塑形训练对青少年足球运动员下肢爆发力的成熟效应,以垂直逆动跳跃(CMJ)和20米短跑为主要结果指标。
■对包括PubMed在内的各种数据库进行了广泛的文献搜索,WebofScience,Scopus,ProQuest,和中国国家知识基础设施(CNKI),涵盖从每个数据库建立到2023年2月6日的时间段。搜索是使用英语关键字进行的,例如\'Plyometric,\'\'青少年,\'\'足球,\'和\'爆炸强度。本研究利用Cochrane偏差风险评估工具对所有纳入文献进行标准化质量评估。此外,使用ReviewManager5.4软件对所有提取的数据进行数据分析。
■共17项研究,涉及681名10至19岁的青少年足球运动员。高度测量训练显著提高了CMJ在不同成熟阶段的表现,特别是在峰后高度速度阶段(POST-PHV)[MD=4.35,95%CI(2.11,6.59),P<0.01,I2=60%]。峰值前高度速度阶段(PRE-PHV)显示次优改善[MD=3.00,95%CI(1.63,4.37)],而中峰高度速度阶段(MID-PHV)显示出最小的改善[MD=2.79,95%CI(1.16,4.41),P<0.01,I2=49%]。然而,仅在PRE-PHV中观察到20m冲刺能力的改善[MD=-0.06,95%CI(-0.12,0),P<0.01,I2=0%]和MID-PHV[MD=-0.18,95%CI(-0.27,-0.08),P<0.01,I2=0%]阶段。
■光学训练是提高青少年足球运动员下肢爆发力的有效策略,训练效果与运动员的生理成熟度密切相关。考虑生物成熟度是本研究认为对于为这些青少年球员制定有效的培训计划至关重要的关键方面。
UNASSIGNED: For adolescent soccer players, good sprinting and jumping abilities are crucial for their athletic performance. The application of plyometric training on boosting explosive strength in adolescent soccer players is contingent upon the
maturation phase, which can mediate the training-induced adaptations.
UNASSIGNED: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the
maturation effect of plyometric training on the lower limb explosive power of adolescent soccer players, with vertical countermovement jump (CMJ) and 20-m sprint as the main outcome indicators.
UNASSIGNED: An extensive search of the literature was carried out on various databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and the
China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), covering the time period from the establishment of each database to February 6, 2023. The search was conducted using English keywords such as \'Plyometric,\' \'Adolescent,\' \'football,\' and \'Explosive strength.\' This study utilized the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool to conduct a standardized quality evaluation of all the included literature. Additionally, the Review Manager 5.4 software was employed to perform data analysis on all the extracted data.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 17 studies involving 681 adolescent soccer players aged 10 to 19 were included. Plyometric training significantly improved CMJ performance across different
maturation stages, especially in the post-peak height velocity stage (POST-PHV) [MD = 4.35, 95 % CI (2.11, 6.59), P < 0.01, I2 = 60 %]. The pre-peak height velocity stage (PRE-PHV) showed the next best improvement [MD = 3.00, 95 % CI (1.63, 4.37)], while the middle-peak height velocity stage (MID-PHV) showed the least improvement [MD = 2.79, 95 % CI (1.16, 4.41), P < 0.01, I2 = 49 %]. However, improvements in 20 m sprint ability were only observed in the PRE-PHV [MD = -0.06, 95 % CI (-0.12, 0), P < 0.01, I2 = 0 %] and MID-PHV [MD = -0.18, 95 % CI (-0.27, -0.08), P < 0.01, I2 = 0 %] stages.
UNASSIGNED: Plyometric training serves as a potent strategy for boosting the lower limb explosive strength of adolescent soccer players, and the training effect is closely related to the players\' biological maturity. Considering biological maturity is a key aspect that this study deems essential for the formulation of effective training programs for these adolescent players.