目的：探讨不同中央凹轮廓的黄斑假孔（MPHs）的特征及其对术前、术后视力的影响。
方法：对46例接受玻璃体切除术的MPH患者的47只眼进行回顾性分析。根据中心凹基部的形态学描述，将MPH分为u形和v形。最佳矫正视力（BCVA），中央凹点厚度，旁凹厚度，旁凹内侧和外侧视网膜厚度，拉伸的层状解理，微囊性黄斑水肿（MME），视网膜内层（DRIL），并记录视网膜外层的完整性。
结果：v形组（n=31）的眼睛BCVA较低，较厚的视网膜厚度，更多的视网膜内分裂，MME,和DRIL比u形组（n=16）（均P＜0.05）。多元回归分析显示，中心凹基部的形态与术前BCVA显著相关（P=0.025）。两组的VA均有显著改善,v形组改善幅度更大(P=0.024)。两组术后BCVA差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).
结论：v形，反映了中央凹的伸展，对术前BCVA有显著影响。然而,无论初始中央凹轮廓如何,手术后VA均得到改善.
BACKGROUND: To investigate the characteristics of macular pseudoholes (MPHs) with different foveal profiles and their impact on preoperative and postoperative visual acuity (VA).
METHODS: A retrospective review of 47 eyes from 46 consecutive patients with MPH who had undergone vitrectomy was conducted. The MPHs were classified into u-shape and v-shape according to the morphological description of the foveola base. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal point thickness, parafoveal thickness, parafoveal inner and outer retinal thickness, stretched lamellar cleavage, microcystic macular edema (MME), disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL), and the integrity of outer retinal layers were recorded.
RESULTS: The eyes in the v-shaped group (n = 31) had lower BCVA, thicker retinal thickness, more intraretinal cleavage, MME, and DRIL than the u-shaped (n = 16) group (all p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the morphology of the foveola base was significantly related to the preoperative BCVA (p = 0.025). The VA was significantly improved in both groups, and the improvement was greater in the v-shaped group (p = 0.024). No significant difference was found in the postoperative BCVA between the two groups (all p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The v-shape, reflecting the stretch in the foveola, had a significant impact on preoperative BCVA. However, the VA was improved after surgery whatever their initial foveal profile.
