UNASSIGNED:乳头和乳晕角化过度症(HNA)是一种病因不明的罕见皮肤病。有些病人被误诊或从未被诊断,尤其是在这种疾病的早期阶段。此外,HNA的发展机制尚不清楚,和基因组改变没有任何报道。
未经授权:一名26岁女性双侧乳晕逐渐增厚和增大,伴随着强烈的瘙痒,并在重庆医科大学附属第一医院确诊为海航。在激素检测雌激素等实验室检查中未发现明显异常,黄体酮,或者催乳素.通过组织病理学检查检测到典型的乳头状瘤皮肤,伴有角膜角化过度角化和许多浸润淋巴细胞。RNA测序结果表明,HNA与正常乳头和乳晕(NNA)的分子表达明显不同。双侧病变无明显差异。此外,与对照HNA相比,免疫相关细胞信号通路在HNA中过度激活.
未经证实:典型症状,临床特征,在这种情况下出现的组织病理学改变导致了对海航的深刻理解,可以避免该病的早期误诊和漏诊。局部免疫系统的功能障碍,病理检查和基因组分析证明了这一点,表明抗自身免疫疗法,比如类固醇药物,可能是早期治疗HNA的有效方法。
UNASSIGNED: Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola (HNA) is a rare skin disease with unknown etiology. Some patients are misdiagnosed or never diagnosed, especially during the early stage of this disease. In addition, the mechanism involved in the development of HNA is still unknown, and genomic alterations have not been reported anywhere.
UNASSIGNED: A 26-year-old female suffered gradual bilateral areola thickening and enlargement, with accompanying intense itching, and was diagnosed with HNA at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. No obvious abnormalities were found in laboratory test examinations such as hormone testing for estrogen, progesterone, or prolactin. Typical papillomatous skin with orthokeratotic
hyperkeratosis and numerous infiltrating lymphocytes was detected through a histopathological examination. The results from RNA-sequencing showed that the molecular expression between HNA and a normal nipple and areola (NNA) was obviously different. No significant difference was found in the bilateral lesions. In addition, immune-related cell signaling pathways were overactivated in HNA compared to the control HNA.
UNASSIGNED: The typical symptoms, clinical features, and histopathological alterations presented in this case lead to a profound understanding of HNA, which can avoid the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of this disease at an early stage. The dysfunction of the local immune system, which was demonstrated by pathological examination and genomic analysis, suggests that anti-autoimmune therapy, such as steroid medication, may be an effective treatment for HNA at an early stage.