预计气候变化将增加热浪等极端天气事件的发生,这可能会影响植物-草食动物相互作用的结果。虽然已知高温会直接影响草食动物的生长,目前还不清楚它是否通过影响食草动物的寄主植物来间接影响食草动物的生产性能。在这项研究中,我们调查了瞬时暴露于高温如何影响植物草食动物诱导的转录和代谢水平的防御。为此,我们研究了不同温度条件下马铃薯(Solanumtuberosum)植物与马铃薯块茎蛾(Phthorimaeaoperculella)幼虫之间的相互作用。我们发现,在高温和昆虫草食性共同胁迫下的叶片上,小虫草的幼虫比在单独的草食性胁迫下的叶片上生长得更重。我们还观察到,高温处理改变了草食动物的基因组模式,从进化的沙漏模式改变,其中激发后早期和晚期时间点的转录组反应比中间时间点的变化更大,花瓶图案。具体来说,许多草食动物诱导的基因在早期和晚期防御阶段的转录本被HT处理抑制,而那些处于中间阶段的人更早达到顶峰。此外,我们观察到,高温损害了茉莉酸和防御化合物对草食动物的诱导。此外,使用茉莉酸还原(JA还原,irAOC)和-升高(JA-Ile-升高,irCYP94B3s)马铃薯植物,我们表明高温抑制了JA信号介导的植物对草食动物攻击的防御。因此,我们的研究提供了有关温度如何重新编程植物对草食动物的防御的证据。
Climate change is predicted to increase the occurrence of extreme weather events such as heatwaves, which may thereby impact the outcome of plant-herbivore interactions. While elevated temperature is known to directly affect herbivore growth, it remains largely unclear if it indirectly influences herbivore performance by affecting the host plant they feed on. In this study, we investigated how transient exposure to high temperature influences plant
herbivory-induced defenses at the transcript and metabolic level. To this end, we studied the interaction between potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants and the larvae of the potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) under different temperature regimes. We found that P. operculella larvae grew heavier on leaves co-stressed by high temperature and insect
herbivory than on leaves pre-stressed by
herbivory alone. We also observed that high temperature treatments altered phylotranscriptomic patterns upon
herbivory, which changed from an evolutionary hourglass pattern, in which transcriptomic responses at early and late time points after elicitation are more variable than the ones in the middle, to a vase pattern. Specifically, transcripts of many
herbivory-induced genes in the early and late defense stage were suppressed by HT treatment, whereas those in the intermediate stage peaked earlier. Additionally, we observed that high temperature impaired the induction of jasmonates and defense compounds upon herbivory. Moreover, using jasmonate-reduced (JA-reduced, irAOC) and -elevated (JA-Ile-elevated, irCYP94B3s) potato plants, we showed that high temperature suppresses JA signaling mediated plant-induced defense to herbivore attack. Thus, our study provides evidences on how temperature reprograms plant-induced defense to herbivores.