放牧是俾路支省的重要做法,为经济和文化做出贡献。俾路支省的畜牧业非常重要,提供20%的全国库存。大型捕食者和它们的猎物种类,包括牲畜,在这些山区景观中共存了几个世纪。本研究的目的是调查大型捕食者对Bal路支省两个地区的生计和捕食者保护的影响,巴基斯坦。2019年7月至9月进行了人类与食肉动物冲突调查,收集了选定研究区域311名居民的数据。在一年的时间里,研究区的大型捕食者共捕食了876只牲畜,包括560只山羊,292只羊,19头牛,五头驴。灰狼是主要的捕食者,占牲畜掠夺的66.3%,其次是caracal(24.3%),亚洲狼(8.9%),和条纹鬣狗(0.6%)。经济损失总额为78,694美元。总的来说,80%的受访者对狼有负面看法,而对加拉加斯的看法为24.4%。只有20.6%的受访者知道保护食肉动物的重要性。研究区域中食肉动物对牲畜的掠夺使人们对这些动物产生了负面看法。人们对保护食肉动物物种的重要性及其在生态系统中的作用缺乏认识。这种缺乏了解最终导致对捕食者种群的不利影响。当务之急是通过社区会议提高人们对食肉动物的生态意义的认识,在教育机构举办研讨会,并向牧民提供有关有效牲畜饲养方法的基础教育。
Livestock herding is a vital practice in Balochistan, contributing to the economy and culture. The livestock sector is significant in Balochistan, providing 20% of the national stock. Large predators and their prey species, including livestock, have coexisted in these mountainous landscapes for centuries. The aim of the present research is to investigate the impacts of livestock depredation by large predators on livelihoods and predator conservation in two districts of Balochistan, Pakistan. A human-carnivore conflict survey was conducted from July to September 2019, collecting data from 311 residents in a selected study area. Large predators in the study area preyed on a total of 876 livestock during a one-year period, including 560 goats, 292 sheep, 19 cows, and 5 donkeys. The gray wolf is the leading predator, responsible for 66.3% of livestock depredation, followed by the caracal (24.3%), Asiatic jackal (8.9%), and striped hyena (0.6%). The total economic loss was USD 78,694. Overall, 80% of respondents had a negative perception of wolves compared to 24.4% for caracals. Only 20.6% of respondents knew about the importance of conserving carnivores. Livestock depredation by carnivores in the study area created a negative perception of these animals among people. There is a lack of awareness about the importance of conserving carnivore species and their role in the ecosystem. This lack of understanding has ultimately led to detrimental effects on predator populations. It is imperative to raise awareness among people about the ecological significance of carnivores through community meetings, seminars in educational institutions, and providing basic education to herders about effective livestock guarding practices.