咖啡因是世界上消费最广泛的精神活性剂,有可能被滥用,但是在中国监测咖啡因滥用的研究很少。本研究旨在使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)评估西北地区咖啡因滥用的发生率,并研究咖啡因与头发和指甲中其他药物之间的相关性。从中国西北地区的376名参与者中收集了指甲剪报,以检测咖啡因和13种其他非法精神活性药物及其代谢产物。从39名参与者中收集了配对的头发和指甲样本,以调查咖啡因与头发和指甲中其他药物之间的相关性。样品被净化了,粉碎,并通过高通量指甲样品制备方法提取,并通过UPLC-MS/MS进行分析。结果显示,中国西北地区存在滥用咖啡因的风险,健康志愿者的浓度范围为0.43至10.6ng/mg,咖啡因滥用者为0.49-246ng/mg,社区康复中心的吸毒者为0.25-363纳克/毫克。咖啡因与其他非法精神活性药物及其代谢物一起被检测到。此外,头发和指甲样本之间的检测呈正相关。这项研究提供了当前在中国西北地区咖啡因滥用的观点,并证明了UPLC-MS/MS在同时检测头发和指甲中咖啡因和13种非法精神药物及其代谢产物中的实际应用。结果强调了当头发样本不可用时指甲作为补充基质的潜力,并强调需要小心处理咖啡因,因为它有滥用的可能性。
Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive agent worldwide and has the potential for abuse, but studies monitoring caffeine abuse in
China are scarce. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of caffeine abuse in northwest
China and investigate the correlation between caffeine and other drugs in hair and nails using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Fingernail clippings were collected from 376 participants in northwest
China to detect caffeine and 13 other illicit psychoactive drugs and their metabolites. Paired hair and nail samples were collected from 39 participants to investigate the correlation between caffeine and other drugs in hair and nails. The samples were decontaminated, pulverized, and extracted by a high-throughput nail sample preparation method and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. The results showed a risk of caffeine abuse in northwest
China, with concentrations ranging from 0.43 to 10.6 ng/mg for healthy volunteers, 0.49-246 ng/mg for caffeine abusers, and 0.25-363 ng/mg for drug addicts in community rehabilitation centers. Caffeine was detected together with other illicit psychoactive drugs and their metabolites. Furthermore, positive detection correlations were found between hair and nail samples. This study provides a current perspective on caffeine abuse in northwest
China and demonstrates the practical use of UPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous detection of caffeine and 13 illicit psychoactive drugs and their metabolites in hair and nails. The results highlight the potential of nails as a supplementary matrix when hair samples are unavailable and emphasize the need for handling caffeine carefully given its potential for abuse.