本研究旨在评估日粮补充不同类型的酿酒酵母发酵产物(SCFP)对泌乳性能的影响。新陈代谢,急性期蛋白反应,牛奶中-21至56d奶牛的抗氧化能力(DIM)。一百八十头多胎荷斯坦奶牛被平价阻断,预期产卵日期,审前身体状况评分,和之前的305-dME产量,然后随机分配到3种饮食治疗中的1种:基础饮食(CON;n=60),基础日粮添加40g/d的SCFP1(XPC;n=60;XPC,钻石V,雪松急流,IA),和补充19克/天SCFP2的基础饮食(NTK;n=60,NutriTek®,钻石V,雪松急流,IA).血液(CON中n=15、13和12,XPC和NTK组,分别)在-7±3、+3、+7、+21和+28d采样,和牛奶样本(CON中n=19、18和15,XPC和NTK组,分别)在1-8周期间从-21到56d的一组母牛中采样。在SAS(SASInstitutesInc.)中使用MIXED程序分析数据。对所有数据进行重复测量ANOVA。膳食治疗(TRT),时间,它们的相互作用(TRT×时间)被认为是固定效应,奶牛被认为是随机效应。饲喂XPC和NTK的奶牛具有更大的能量校正乳(ECM)。补充NTK增加了牛奶脂肪含量和产量,与CON相比,脂肪校正牛奶(FCM)产量为3.5%。XPC奶牛的牛奶尿素氮(MUN)低于CON。SCFP补充降低血浆β-羟基丁酸(BHB),铜蓝蛋白(CER),触珠蛋白(HPT),和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)浓度,而血浆磷(P)浓度增加。此外,与CON奶牛相比,饲喂NTK的奶牛显示较低的肌酐(CR)和皮质醇(COR)浓度,但血浆钙(Ca)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)浓度增加。此外,与饲喂CON的奶牛相比,饲喂NTK和XPC的奶牛在泌乳3DIM时均降低了血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)的血浆浓度。此外,在7DIM时,SCFP奶牛的血浆葡萄糖(GLU)和钙(Ca)浓度高于CON奶牛,在21DIM时,血浆磷(P)的浓度更高。在不同的SCFP类型的饲料组之间,非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)的血浆浓度,MDA,肌酐(CR),SAA,与在7DIM下饲喂XPC的奶牛相比,饲喂NTK的奶牛的HPT较低。总的来说,我们的结果表明,通过调节免疫力,在过渡奶牛中补充SCFP的潜在益处,肝脏代谢功能和支持ECM产量。结果还表明,与40g/d的XPC相比,19g/d的NutriTek似乎更好地支持奶牛的性能和健康。基于过渡期代谢和炎症状态的改善。
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with different types of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) on lactational performance, metabolism, acute phase protein response, and antioxidant capacities in dairy cows from -21 to 56 d in milk (DIM). One hundred and 80 multiparous Holstein dairy cows were blocked by parity, expected calving date, pre-trial body condition score, and previous 305-d ME yield, and then randomly assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: basal diet (CON; n = 60), basal diet supplemented with 40 g/d of SCFP1 (XPC; n = 60; XPC, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA), and basal diet supplemented with 19 g/d of SCFP2 (NTK; n = 60, NutriTek®, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA). Blood (n = 15, 13 and 12 in the CON, XPC and NTK groups, respectively) was sampled at -7 ± 3, + 3, + 7, + 21, and + 28 d, and milk samples (n = 19, 18 and 15 in the CON, XPC and NTK groups, respectively) was sampled during 1-8 wk from a subset of cows from -21 to 56 d relative to calving. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS (SAS Institute Inc.). All data were subjected to repeated measures ANOVA. Dietary treatment (TRT), time, and their interaction (TRT × time) were considered as fixed effects and cow as the random effect. Cows fed XPC and NTK had greater energy-corrected milk (ECM). Supplementing NTK increased milk fat content and yield, and 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield compared with CON. Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) was lower in XPC cows than CON. SCFP supplementation decreased plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), ceruloplasmin (CER), haptoglobin (HPT), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations, whereas increased plasma phosphorus (P) concentrations. In addition, cows fed NTK showed lower creatinine (CR) and cortisol (COR) concentrations but increased plasma calcium (Ca) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations than those in the CON cows. In addition, cows fed NTK and XPC both had reduced plasma concentrations of serum amyloid-A (SAA) at 3 DIM of lactation compared with CON fed cows. Furthermore, SCFP cows had greater concentrations of plasma glucose (GLU) and calcium (Ca) than CON cows at 7 DIM, and greater concentrations of plasma phosphorus (P) at 21 DIM. Between different SCFP type fed groups, plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), MDA, creatinine (CR), SAA, and HPT were lower in cows fed NTK compared with cows fed XPC at 7 DIM. Overall, our results indicate the potential benefits of supplementing SCFP in transition dairy cows by modulating immunity, liver metabolic function and supporting ECM yield. The results also suggest that NutriTek at 19 g/d appears to support the performance and health of dairy cows better compared with XPC at 40 g/d, based on improved metabolic and inflammatory status during the transition period.