■小麦引起的过敏反应(WIA)是一种严重且可能危及生命的小麦过敏,成人比儿童更常见。对于中国不同年龄段患者的WIA临床特征差异知之甚少。
■我们回顾性分析了一家三级医院的变态反应科的数据,其中包括248名具有WIA病史的患者(208名成人和40名儿童和青少年)。
■我们发现,50岁以上[老年人]的患者饮酒更为频繁(19.0%,4/21)比12-17岁[青少年](0%,0/33;p=0.019)。老年人使用非甾体抗炎药的频率(42.9%,9/21)明显高于青少年(0%,0/33;p<0.001),和18-49岁的患者[年轻人](2.8%,5/178;p<0.001)。在WIA期间,儿童的心血管症状比其他年龄组的儿童少(儿童,28.6%;青少年,87.9%;青壮年,93.0%;老年人,95.2%;p<0.001)。成人(两个年龄组;p<0.001)的意识丧失率和老年人的低血压率(p=0.006)高于其他年龄组。与成年人(年轻人和老年人)相比,儿童的过敏性合并症发生率较高(分别为p=0.004,0.001),其他食物过敏发生率较高(分别为p<0.001,<0.001).与轻度至中度过敏反应组相比,严重过敏反应组的发病年龄较高(p=0.001),辅因子患病率较高(p=0.004),较低的过敏性共病率(p=0.014),ω-5麦醇溶蛋白(ω-5麦醇溶蛋白)特异性IgE阳性率较高(p=0.023)。
■WIA患者的临床特征在不同发病年龄/严重程度组之间是不同的。提高对不同年龄/严重程度组的WIA症状的了解可能有助于加速诊断,建议预防措施,并有助于改善患者护理。
UNASSIGNED: Wheat-induced anaphylaxis (WIA) is a serious and potentially life-threatening wheat allergy, more common in adults than in children. Little is known about the differences in clinical profiles in WIA among patients of various ages in
China.
UNASSIGNED: We analyzed data retrospectively from an allergy department in a tertiary hospital that included 248 patients (208 adults and 40 children and adolescents) with a history of WIA.
UNASSIGNED: We found that alcohol was more frequent in patients aged ≥50 years [older adults] (19.0%, 4/21) than in those aged 12-17 years [adolescents] (0%, 0/33; p = 0.019). The frequency of NSAID use in older adults (42.9%, 9/21) was significantly higher than that in adolescents (0%, 0/33; p < 0.001), and patients aged 18-49 years [young adults] (2.8%, 5/178; p < 0.001). During WIA, cardiovascular symptoms in children were less frequent than those in other age groups (children, 28.6%; adolescents, 87.9%; young adults, 93.0%; older adults, 95.2%; p < 0.001). The consciousness loss rate in adults (both age groups; p < 0.001) and the hypotension rate in older adults (p = 0.006) were higher than those in other age groups. Compared with adults (young and older adults), children had a higher rate of allergic comorbidities (p = 0.004, 0.001, respectively) and a higher rate of other food allergies (p < 0.001, <0.001, respectively). Compared with the mild-to-moderate anaphylaxis group, the severe anaphylaxis group had a higher onset age (p = 0.001), higher cofactor prevalence (p = 0.004), lower allergic comorbidity rate (p = 0.014), and higher positive rate of specific IgE to omega-5 gliadin (ω-5 gliadin) (p = 0.023).
UNASSIGNED: Clinical profiles of patients with WIA are different among various onset age/severity groups. An improved understanding of WIA symptoms in various age/severity groups could help accelerate diagnosis, suggest preventive measures, and contribute to improved patient care.