为了应对不断变化的气候条件,植物经常面临多种非生物胁迫,需要强大的自适应机制。本研究的重点是SelenicereusundatusL.对两种单独胁迫(镉;镉,盐;S,和干旱;D)及其联合应用,重点是评估(M)褪黑激素的缓解作用。通过转录组分析,这项研究确定了显著的基因表达变化和调控网络激活。结果表明,胁迫使火龙果的生长速率降低30%,将茎和枝条发育减少40%,并在单一和组合应力下增加Cd吸收50%和70%,分别。在应力条件下,H2O2、POD、CAT,APX,SOD和脯氨酸含量升高表明抗氧化能力强。我们确定了141个与应激耐受性相关的常见DEG,其中大部分与AtCBP有关,ALA,和CBP途径。有趣的是,与信号转导和激素相关的基因的产生,包括脱落酸和生长素,也被显著诱导。在M和应激处理期间,几种钙依赖性蛋白激酶基因受到调节。功能富集分析表明,大部分DEGs在代谢过程中富集,MAPK信号,和光合作用。此外,加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)确定了关键转录因子(WRKYs,MYBs,BZIP,bHLHs,和NACs)与抗氧化活性相关,特别是在鲑鱼模块内。本研究提供了火龙果胁迫反应的形态生理和转录组见解,并提出了提高植物抗性的分子育种技术。
In response to evolving climatic conditions, plants frequently confront multiple abiotic stresses, necessitating robust adaptive mechanisms. This study focuses on the responses of Selenicereus undatus L. to both individual stresses (cadmium; Cd, salt; S, and drought; D) and their combined applications, with an emphasis on evaluating the mitigating effects of (M) melatonin. Through transcriptome analysis, this study identifies significant gene expression changes and regulatory network activations. The results show that stress decreases pitaya growth rates by 30%, reduces stem and cladode development by 40%, and increases Cd uptake under single and combined stresses by 50% and 70%, respectively. Under stress conditions, enhanced activities of H2O2, POD, CAT, APX, and SOD and elevated proline content indicate strong antioxidant defenses. We identified 141 common DEGs related to stress tolerance, most of which were related to AtCBP, ALA, and CBP pathways. Interestingly, the production of genes related to signal transduction and hormones, including abscisic acid and auxin, was also significantly induced. Several calcium-dependent protein kinase genes were regulated during M and stress treatments. Functional enrichment analysis showed that most of the DEGs were enriched during metabolism, MAPK signaling, and photosynthesis. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified critical transcription factors (WRKYs, MYBs, bZIPs, bHLHs, and NACs) associated with antioxidant activities, particularly within the salmon module. This study provides morpho-physiological and transcriptome insights into pitaya\'s stress responses and suggests molecular breeding techniques with which to enhance plant resistance.