背景:独龙(Drung)人在传统的养蜂中使用植物材料已有数十年了。然而,关于传统养蜂中使用的植物的研究很少。此外,与养蜂相关的传统生态知识(TEK)仍然知之甚少。TEK和与养蜂相关的植物在保护本地蜜蜂和养蜂发展中起着重要作用。因此,调查非常紧迫,记录,并研究了独龙养蜂的植物和TEK。
方法:在贡山杜龙社区进行实地考察,云南省,中国。调查了六个独龙村。民族植物学方法,如自由上市,半结构化面试,参与性观察,和关键线人访谈被用来收集数据。共有42名独龙族受访者提供了有关传统养蜂中使用的植物的信息。记录了与传统养蜂植物有关的TEK。引用频率,丰度,并使用对数蜂巢植物物种的偏好排名来识别“更容易获得”和“更喜欢”的植物资源。\"
结果:传统的独龙养蜂有两种通用方法:活树养蜂和原木蜂箱养蜂。调查显示,38种(19科),包括30种树种,5种竹子,2种草本植物,和1种藤本植物,用于传统的独龙养蜂。不同的植物部分用于不同的目的。27种树种被用来制作原木蜂箱。来自松科和斗科的物种是最常见的。十个养蜂人对用于建造原木蜂箱的最常见物种中的七个进行了评分。根据这个评分,养蜂人最喜欢制作原木蜂箱的物种是Alnusnepalensis,云南松,还有JuglansRegia.
结论:独龙族将各种植物用于传统养蜂,并积累了与养蜂相关的丰富TEK。未来的研究将包括对传统独龙养蜂中的蜂蜜进行营养成分分析,以及对传统独龙养蜂系统中使用的拟种进行民族植物学调查。与养蜂相关的植物和TEK的应用对于改善当地社区的生计非常重要,保护生物文化多样性,保护独龙江地区的生态环境。
BACKGROUND: The Dulong (Drung) people have used plant materials in traditional beekeeping for many decades. However, there are few studies on the plants used in traditional beekeeping. Furthermore, traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) associated with beekeeping is still poorly understood. TEK and plants associated with beekeeping play an important role in the conservation of native bees and the development of beekeeping. It is therefore very urgent to investigate, record, and study the plants and TEK of Dulong beekeeping.
METHODS: Fieldwork was conducted in the Dulong community of Gongshan County, Yunnan Province,
China. Six Dulong villages were investigated. Ethnobotanical methods such as free listing, semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and key informant interviews were used to collect data. A total of 42 Dulong respondents provided information about plants used in traditional beekeeping. TEK related to traditional beekeeping plants was documented. Citation frequency, abundance, and preference ranking of log beehive plant species were used to identify plant resources that are \"easier to obtain\" and \"more preferred.\"
RESULTS: There are two general methods of traditional Dulong beekeeping: living tree beekeeping and log beehive beekeeping. The investigation revealed that 38 species (in 19 families), including 30 tree species, 5 bamboo species, 2 herbaceous species, and 1 liana species, are used in traditional Dulong beekeeping. Different plant parts are used for different purposes. Twenty-seven tree species are used to make log beehives. Species from the family Pinaceae and Fagaceae are the most frequently represented. Seven of the most commonly reported species used to build log beehives were scored by ten beekeepers. Based on this scoring, the beekeepers\' most preferred species for making log beehives are Alnus nepalensis, Pinus yunnanensis, and Juglans regia.
CONCLUSIONS: The Dulong people have used various plants for traditional beekeeping and have accumulated rich TEK associated with apiculture. Future research will include a nutritive components analysis of honey from traditional Dulong beekeeping and an ethnobotanical investigation of melliferous species used in traditional Dulong apicultural systems. The application of plants and TEK associated with beekeeping is important for improving livelihoods in local communities, conserving biocultural diversity, and protecting the eco-environment of the Dulongjiang area.