■中国国家癌症中心(NCC)定期报告全国癌症发病率和死亡率的统计数据。国际癌症研究机构(IARC)每两年计算并发布世界各国的癌症负担。为了确保中国的实际监测数据与IARC公布的数据之间的一致性,NCC已获得国家卫生委员会和IARC的批准,将在GLOBOCAN2022同时发布中国的癌症负担数据。
■2018年中国共有700个登记机构报告了高质量的癌症发病率和死亡率数据,其中2010年至2018年连续监测的106个登记机构用于建立年龄-时期-队列模型,以模拟癌症发病率和死亡率的趋势,并估计2022年中国的发病率和死亡率。此外,我们使用来自22个连续癌症登记处的数据,分析了2000-2018年间年龄标准化癌症发病率和死亡率的时间趋势.
■据估计,2022年中国发生了约4,824,700例新癌症病例和2,574,200例新癌症死亡。肺癌,结肠直肠,甲状腺,肝脏和胃是前五种癌症,占新发癌症病例的57.42%。肺癌,肝脏,胃,结肠直肠和食道是癌症死亡的五大主要原因,占癌症死亡总数的67.50%。粗发生率和年龄标准化发生率(ASIR)分别为341.75/100,000和201.61/100,000。粗死亡率为182.34/100,000,年龄标准化死亡率(ASMR)为96.47/100,000。在2000-2018年间,所有癌症的ASIR每年增加约1.4%,而ASMR每年减少约1.3%。我们观察到食管癌的ASIR和ASMR呈下降趋势,胃,还有肝脏,而甲状腺癌的ASIR显著增加,前列腺,还有子宫颈.
癌症仍然是中国主要的公共卫生问题,具有反映发达地区和发展中地区共存的癌症特征。预防和控制措施的持续实施导致某些历史高发癌症的发病率和死亡率大幅下降,比如食道,胃癌和肝癌。坚持健康中国行动计划和肿瘤防治行动计划的指导原则,随着全面风险因素控制的持续努力,癌症筛查,早期诊断和治疗,以及诊断和治疗方案的标准化,是到2030年有效减轻日益增加的癌症负担的关键策略。
UNASSIGNED: The National Cancer Center (NCC) of
China regularly reports the nationwide
statistics on cancer incidence and mortality in
China. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) calculates and publishes the cancer burden of countries around the world every two years. To ensure consistency between the actual surveillance data in
China and the data published by IARC, NCC has received approval from the National Health Commission and IARC to simultaneously release the cancer burden data for China in GLOBOCAN 2022.
UNASSIGNED: There were a total of 700 registries reporting high-quality data on cancer incidence and mortality across
China in 2018, of which 106 registries with continuous monitoring from 2010 to 2018 were used to establish an age-period-cohort model to simulate the trend of cancer incidence and mortality and to estimate the incidence and mortality in
China in 2022. In addition, we analyzed the temporal trends of age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality from 2000 to 2018 using data from 22 continuous cancer registries.
UNASSIGNED: It was estimated about 4,824,700 new cancer cases and 2,574,200 new cancer deaths occurred in China in 2022. Cancers of the lung, colon-rectum, thyroid, liver and stomach were the top five cancer types, accounting for 57.42% of new cancer cases. Cancers of the lung, liver, stomach, colon-rectum and esophagus were the five leading causes of cancer deaths, accounting for 67.50% of total cancer deaths. The crude rate and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) were 341.75 per 100,000 and 201.61 per 100,000, respectively. The crude mortality rate was 182.34 per 100,000 and the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 96.47 per 100,000. The ASIR of all cancers combined increased by approximately 1.4% per year during 2000-2018, while the ASMR decreased by approximately 1.3% per year. We observed decreasing trends in ASIR and ASMR for cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and liver, whereas the ASIR increased significantly for cancers of the thyroid, prostate, and cervix.
UNASSIGNED: Cancer remains a major public health concern in China, with a cancer profile that reflects the coexistence of developed and developing regions. Sustained implementation of prevention and control measures has resulted in significant reductions in the incidence and mortality rates of certain historically high incidence cancers, such as esophageal, stomach and liver cancers. Adherence to the guidelines of the Healthy China Action Plan and the Cancer Prevention and Control Action Plan, along with continued efforts in comprehensive risk factor control, cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment, and standardization of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols, are key strategies to effectively mitigate the increasing cancer burden by 2030.