网络成瘾已成为全球关注的主要问题和心理健康的负担。然而,关于其与心理健康结果的联系缺乏共识。
这项研究的目的是调查网络成瘾严重程度与不良心理健康结果之间的关系。
2015年9月,2016年,2017年和2018年在四川大学注册的一年级本科生被邀请参加当前的学习调查,85.13%(31,659/37,187)的人完全回应。Young的20项网络成瘾测试,患者健康问卷-15,患者健康问卷-9,症状自评量表90,六项凯斯勒心理困扰量表,使用修订的自杀行为问卷评估网络成瘾,四种精神病理学(高躯体症状严重程度,临床上显著的抑郁症,精神病,和偏执狂),严重的精神疾病,和终生自杀。
学生的患病率轻度,中度,严重网络成瘾为37.93%(12,009/31,659),6.33%(2003/31,659),和0.20%(63/31,659),分别。高躯体症状严重程度的患病率,临床上显著的抑郁症,精神病,偏执的想法,严重精神疾病占6.54%(2072/31,659),4.09%(1294/31,659),0.51%(160/31,659),0.52%(165/31,659),和1.88%(594/31,659),分别,以及自杀意念的终生患病率,自杀计划,自杀未遂率为36.31%(11,495/31,659),5.13%(1624/31,659),和1.00%(315/31,659),分别。四种精神病理学的患病率和比值比(ORs)及其合并症,筛查严重的精神疾病,没有网络成瘾的人群自杀率远低于被调查人群的平均水平。轻度网络成瘾组中的大多数指标与平均水平相似或略高于平均水平;然而,这些比率在中度和重度网络成瘾群体中急剧增加。在四种精神病理学中,在调整人口统计学和其他精神病理学的混杂效应后,临床上显著的抑郁症与网络成瘾密切相关,其患病率从无成瘾学生的1.01%(178/17,584)增加到4.85%(582/12,009),24.81%(497/2,003),58.73%(37/63)的学生患有轻度,中度,和严重的网络成瘾,分别。患有四种精神病理学中任何一种的比例从4.05%(713/17,584)增加到11.72%(1408/12,009),36.89%(739/2003),68.25%(43/63);具有终生自杀意念的人从24.92%(4382/17,584)增加到47.56%(5711/12,009),67.70%(1356/2003),73.02%(46/63);有自杀计划的人从2.59%(456/17,584)增加到6.77%(813/12,009),16.72%(335/2003),和31.75%(20/63);自杀未遂者从0.50%(88/17,584)增加到1.23%(148/12,009),3.54%(71/2003),和12.70%(8/63),分别。
中度和重度网络成瘾与广泛的不良心理健康结果密切相关。包括躯体症状,这是许多医学疾病的核心特征,尽管临床上显着的抑郁症显示出最强的关联。与轻度网络成瘾相比,这一发现支持了中度和重度网络成瘾的疾病有效性。这些结果对于从解决当前“互联网+”和人工智能时代整体人类健康负担的角度为卫生政策制定者和服务提供商提供信息具有重要意义。
Internet addiction has become a major global concern and a burden on mental health. However, there is a lack of consensus on its link to mental health outcomes.
The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between internet addiction severity and adverse mental health outcomes.
First-year undergraduates enrolled at Sichuan University during September 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 were invited to participate in the current study survey, 85.13% (31,659/37,187) of whom fully responded. Young\'s 20-item Internet Addiction Test, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Symptom Checklist 90, Six-Item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised were used to evaluate internet addiction, four psychopathologies (high somatic symptom severity, clinically significant depression, psychoticism, and paranoia), serious mental illness, and lifetime suicidality.
The prevalence of students with mild, moderate, and severe internet addiction was 37.93% (12,009/31,659), 6.33% (2003/31,659), and 0.20% (63/31,659), respectively. The prevalence rates of high somatic symptom severity, clinically significant depression, psychoticism, paranoid ideation, and serious mental illness were 6.54% (2072/31,659), 4.09% (1294/31,659), 0.51% (160/31,659), 0.52% (165/31,659), and 1.88% (594/31,659), respectively, and the lifetime prevalence rates of suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, and suicidal attempt were 36.31% (11,495/31,659), 5.13% (1624/31,659), and 1.00% (315/31,659), respectively. The prevalence rates and odds ratios (ORs) of the four psychopathologies and their comorbidities, screened serious mental illness, and suicidalities in the group without internet addiction were much lower than the average levels of the surveyed population. Most of these metrics in the group with mild internet addiction were similar to or slightly higher than the average rates; however, these rates sharply increased in the moderate and severe internet addiction groups. Among the four psychopathologies, clinically significant depression was most strongly associated with internet addiction after adjusting for the confounding effects of demographics and other psychopathologies, and its prevalence increased from 1.01% (178/17,584) in the students with no addiction to 4.85% (582/12,009), 24.81% (497/2,003), and 58.73% (37/63) in the students with mild, moderate, and severe internet addiction, respectively. The proportions of those with any of the four psychopathologies increased from 4.05% (713/17,584) to 11.72% (1408/12,009), 36.89% (739/2003), and 68.25% (43/63); those with lifetime suicidal ideation increased from 24.92% (4382/17,584) to 47.56% (5711/12,009), 67.70% (1356/2003), and 73.02% (46/63); those with a suicidal plan increased from 2.59% (456/17,584) to 6.77% (813/12,009), 16.72% (335/2003), and 31.75% (20/63); and those with a suicidal attempt increased from 0.50% (88/17,584) to 1.23% (148/12,009), 3.54% (71/2003), and 12.70% (8/63), respectively.
Moderate and severe internet addiction were strongly associated with a broad group of adverse mental health outcomes, including somatic symptoms that are the core features of many medical illnesses, although clinically significant depression showed the strongest association. This finding supports the illness validity of moderate and severe internet addiction in contrast to mild internet addiction. These results are important for informing health policymakers and service suppliers from the perspective of resolving the overall human health burden in the current era of \"Internet Plus\" and artificial intelligence.