牙周病是许多系统性疾病发展的诱发因素,这通常是由白细胞浸润和血管炎症引发的。这些疾病会严重影响人类健康和生活质量。因此,探索预防疾病进展的有效疗法至关重要。牙周炎,其特征是牙龈出血,破坏牙龈毛细血管的完整性,牙周支撑骨的不可逆破坏,似乎是由牙周组织中选择素的过度表达引起的。选择(P-,L-,和E-选择素)是调节炎症和免疫反应的粘附分子的重要成员。它们主要位于血小板中,白细胞,和内皮细胞。此外,选择素参与血管炎症性疾病的免疫发病机制,比如心血管疾病,糖尿病,癌症,等等,通过介导白细胞募集,血小板活化,和内皮屏障通透性的改变。因此,选择素可能成为治疗牙周病及其相关全身性疾病的新的免疫治疗靶点,因为它们在免疫调节和内皮功能障碍中起着至关重要的作用。然而,关于选择素及其与牙周和全身疾病的关系的研究仍然有限。这篇综述旨在讨论选择素在牙周炎和相关系统性疾病中的关键作用,并强调选择素作为治疗靶标的潜力。
Periodontal diseases are predisposing factors to the development of many systemic disorders, which is often initiated via leukocyte infiltration and vascular inflammation. These diseases could significantly affect human health and quality of life. Hence, it is vital to explore effective therapies to prevent disease progression. Periodontitis, which is characterized by gingival bleeding, disruption of the gingival capillary\'s integrity, and irreversible destruction of the periodontal supporting bone, appears to be caused by overexpression of selectins in periodontal tissues.
Selectins (P-, L-, and E-
selectins) are vital members of adhesion molecules regulating inflammatory and immune responses. They are mainly located in platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells. Furthermore,
selectins are involved in the immunopathogenesis of vascular inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, and so on, by mediating leukocyte recruitment, platelet activation, and alteration of endothelial barrier permeability. Therefore, selectins could be new immunotherapeutic targets for periodontal disorders and their associated systemic diseases since they play a crucial role in immune regulation and endothelium dysfunction. However, the research on
selectins and their association with periodontal and systemic diseases remains limited. This review aims to discuss the critical roles of
selectins in periodontitis and associated systemic disorders and highlights the potential of
selectins as therapeutic targets.