■重复非自杀性自我伤害(R-NSSI)在青少年中很复杂且普遍。尽管奖励制度是解释R-NSSI的一种有前途的机制,与R-NSSI相关的奖励和惩罚的具体过程尚不清楚。这项研究调查了患有R-NSSI的青少年在奖励和惩罚方面是否都表现出困难,并进一步探讨了抑制性控制在处理货币奖惩中的作用。
■在来自两所中学的队列中(N=3,475,48.6%的女性,法师=12.95),共有187名青少年完成了三项新的行为任务。具体来说,在研究1中,36名患有R-NSSI的青少年和28名没有NSSI的青少年完成了适应性激励-延迟任务,以评估对奖励和惩罚的敏感性.在研究2中,对27名患有R-NSSI的青少年和21名没有NSSI的青少年进行了新颖的激励延迟-两种选择的古怪任务,以评估奖励和抑制控制之间的相互作用。在研究3中,38名患有R-NSSI的青少年和35名没有NSSI的青少年完成了类似的任务,以评估惩罚和抑制控制之间的相互作用。
患有R-NSSI的青少年的行为奖惩敏感度高于没有NSSI的青少年。更重要的是,发现R-NSSI抑制控制的奖惩差异。与没有NSSI的青少年相比,患有R-NSSI的青少年对描绘惩罚内容的提示的抑制控制水平较低,但对描绘奖励内容的提示的抑制控制水平却没有。
■这项研究提供了新的实验证据,表明对奖励和惩罚的行为敏感性提高可能是青少年R-NSSI的相关特征标记,并强调惩罚而不是奖励与R-NSSI中的抑制性控制相互作用。
UNASSIGNED: Repetitive Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (R-NSSI) is complex and prevalent in adolescents. Although the reward system is a promising mechanism to explain R-NSSI, the specific processes of reward and punishment related to R-NSSI remain unclear. This study examined whether adolescents with R-NSSI displayed difficulties in both reward and punishment contexts, and further explored the role of inhibitory control in processing monetary reward and punishment.
UNASSIGNED: Within a cohort from two middle schools (N = 3,475, 48.6 % female, Mage = 12.95), a total of 187 adolescents completed three novel behavioral tasks. Specifically, in Study 1, 36 adolescents with R-NSSI and 28 without NSSI completed adapted incentive-delay tasks to evaluate sensitivity to reward and punishment. In Study 2, 27 adolescents with R-NSSI and 21 without NSSI were given novel incentive delay-two choice oddball task to evaluate the interaction between reward and inhibitory control. In Study 3, 38 adolescents with R-NSSI and 35 without NSSI completed similar task to assess the interaction between punishment and inhibitory control.
UNASSIGNED: Adolescents with R-NSSI were characterized by higher levels of behavioral reward and punishment sensitivity than adolescents without NSSI. More importantly, the difference between reward and punishment in inhibitory control of R-NSSI was found. Compared to adolescents without NSSI, adolescents with R-NSSI showed lower levels of inhibitory control in response to cues depicting punishment content but not to those depicting reward content.
UNASSIGNED: This study provides novel experimental evidence that heightened behavioral sensitivity to both reward and punishment may be relevant trait marker in R-NSSI among adolescents, and emphasizes that punishment not reward interact with inhibitory control in the R-NSSI.