背景:老年人并不总是能成功适应疗养院。学习机智和工具回忆可能有助于养老院居民的心理调整。如何将这两种属性结合起来以增强居民的调整尚不清楚。
目的:本研究探讨了基于机智的器械回忆疗法(RBIRT)对心理调节的影响,学会了机智,自我效能感,疗养院居民的社会支持和生活质量(QoL)。
方法:随机,控制,评估者盲化,平行臂试验于2022年1月至2023年2月在福建进行,中国,来自两个独立的疗养院的120名参与者(干预=60,比较=60)。干预组参与者接受了为期6周的RBIRT,涉及回忆采访,情绪宣泄,重建战略,规划未来,加强支持。对照组参与者接受常规机构护理。参与者使用疗养院调整量表进行评估,足智多谋量表,一般自我效能感量表,感知社会支持量表和12项简短健康调查。结果在基线(T0)进行评估,干预后立即(T1)以及干预后1个月(T2)和3个月(T3)。
结果:干预组的参与者在心理调节方面表现出明显改善,\'\'学会了机智,\'\'自我效能感,与对照组相比,\'\'社会支持\'和\'QoL-心理健康维度\'(P<0.001)。这些效果在1个月和3个月的随访中持续。
结论:创新的RBIRT改善了心理调节,学会了机智,自我效能感,疗养院居民的社会支持和心理健康相关QoL。
Older adults do not always adapt successfully to nursing homes. Learning resourcefulness and instrumental reminiscence may contribute to the psychological adjustment made by nursing home residents. How both attributes can be combined to enhance residents\' adjustment remains unclear.
This study examined the effects of resourcefulness-based instrumental reminiscence therapy (RBIRT) on psychological adjustment, learned resourcefulness, self-efficacy, social support and quality of life (QoL) of nursing home residents.
A randomised, controlled, assessor-blinded, parallel-arm trial was conducted between January 2022 and February 2023 in Fujian,
China, with 120 participants (intervention = 60, comparison = 60) from two separate nursing homes. The intervention group participants received a 6-week RBIRT, involving Reminiscence Interview, Emotional Venting, Reconstruction Strategies, Planning for the Future and Strengthening Support. The control group participants received routine institutional care. Participants were assessed using the Nursing Home Adjustment Scale, Resourcefulness Scale, General Self-efficacy Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey. Outcomes were evaluated at baseline (T0), immediately post intervention (T1) and at 1-month (T2) and 3-months (T3) post-intervention.
Participants in the intervention group showed significant improvement in \'psychological adjustment,\' \'learned resourcefulness,\' \'self-efficacy,\' \'social support\' and \'QoL-mental health dimension\' compared to the control group (P < 0.001). These effects were sustained at the 1- and 3-month follow-ups.
Innovative RBIRT improved psychological adjustment, learned resourcefulness, self-efficacy, social support and mental health-related QoL among nursing home residents.