磷酸甘油酸激酶1(PGK1)是细胞糖酵解途径中的关键酶,促进肿瘤细胞中三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的产生并驱动Warburg效应。PGK1通过1,3-双磷酸甘油酸(1,3-BPG)与Mg-腺苷-5'-二磷酸(Mg-ADP)的可逆磷酸化反应产生ATP。除了它在调节细胞代谢中的作用,PGK1在自噬诱导中起关键作用,三羧酸循环(TCA)的调节,和各种机制,包括肿瘤细胞耐药性,等等。鉴于其在细胞内的多方面功能,PGK1参与许多类型的癌症,包括乳腺癌,星形细胞瘤,转移性结肠癌,胰腺导管腺癌,错综复杂。值得注意的是,PGK1可以作为细胞内蛋白激酶来协调肿瘤的生长,迁移,和通过翻译后修饰(PTM)的入侵。此外,在癌组织中观察到PGK1的表达水平升高,表明其与不良治疗结果和预后相关。本文综述了PGK1的表达模式,结构特征,功能属性,参与PTM,以及与肿瘤的相互作用。此外,还强调了开发和应用相关抑制剂的前景,这些抑制剂证实了PGK1在肿瘤进展中不可或缺的价值。
Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) serves as a pivotal enzyme in the cellular glycolysis pathway, facilitating adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production in tumor cells and driving the Warburg effect. PGK1 generates ATP through the reversible phosphorylation reaction of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) to Mg-adenosine-5\'-diphosphate (Mg-ADP). In addition to its role in regulating cellular metabolism, PGK1 plays a pivotal role in autophagy induction, regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and various mechanisms including tumor cell drug resistance, and so on. Given its multifaceted functions within cells, the involvement of PGK1 in many types of cancer, including breast cancer, astrocytoma, metastatic colon cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, is intricate. Notably, PGK1 can function as an intracellular protein kinase to coordinate tumor growth, migration, and invasion via posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Furthermore, elevated expression levels of PGK1 have been observed in cancer tissues, indicating its association with unfavorable treatment outcomes and prognosis. This review provides a comprehensive summary of PGK1\'s expression pattern, structural features, functional properties, involvement in PTMs, and interaction with tumors. Additionally highlighted are the prospects for developing and applying related inhibitors that confirm the indispensable value of PGK1 in tumor progression.