许多研究报道，大量物质的使用与受损的反应抑制有关。研究通常集中在与单一物质的关联上，而多物质使用是常见的。Further,大多数研究将重度使用者与轻度/非使用者进行了比较，尽管物质使用是连续发生的。当前的大型分析通过汇总来自43项研究（3610名成年参与者）的个人数据来解决这些问题，这些研究使用Go/No-Go（GNG）或停止信号任务（SST）来评估大多数“娱乐性”物质使用者的抑制作用（即，物质使用障碍的比率较低)。物质使用的主要和相互作用的影响，人口统计，并将任务特征输入到线性混合模型中。与该领域的许多研究和评论相反，我们发现,只有终生使用大麻与SST反应抑制受损相关.还观察到相互作用效应：大麻使用者和非使用者之间的烟草使用与反应抑制之间的关系（在SST中）有所不同，在非大麻使用者中，烟草使用与抑制之间呈负相关。此外,参与者的年龄，教育水平,一些任务特征影响抑制结果。总的来说,在控制人口统计学和任务特征时,我们发现药物使用者对抑制受损的支持有限.
Many studies have reported that heavy substance use is associated with impaired response inhibition. Studies typically focused on associations with a single substance, while polysubstance use is common. Further, most studies compared heavy users with light/non-users, though substance use occurs along a continuum. The current mega-analysis accounted for these issues by aggregating individual data from 43 studies (3610 adult participants) that used the Go/No-Go (GNG) or Stop-signal task (SST) to assess inhibition among mostly \"recreational\" substance users (i.e., the rate of substance use disorders was low). Main and interaction effects of substance use, demographics, and task-characteristics were entered in a linear mixed model. Contrary to many studies and reviews in the field, we found that only lifetime cannabis use was associated with impaired response inhibition in the SST. An interaction effect was also observed: the relationship between tobacco use and response inhibition (in the SST) differed between cannabis users and non-users, with a negative association between tobacco use and inhibition in the cannabis non-users. In addition, participants\' age, education level, and some task characteristics influenced inhibition outcomes. Overall, we found limited support for impaired inhibition among substance users when controlling for demographics and task-characteristics.
PDF(Sci-hub)