目的:罕见病是全球性的公共卫生问题,在中国的形势更为紧迫。不幸的是,这个国家的相关研发仍处于起步阶段,导致药物可及性有限。鉴于此,近年来,中国政府采取了一系列促进孤儿药研发的对策,取得了令人鼓舞的成果。本文旨在回顾中国政府制定的激励政策和资助举措,并研究其对孤儿药研发的影响。
方法:从相关官方网站检索2012-2022年期间针对孤儿药研发的政策,分为不同的主题,并对内容进行分析。政府资助数据,药物批准,通过互联网搜索收集临床试验批准和孤儿药指定,以分析这些激励政策和举措对中国孤儿药研发的影响.
结果:共确定了20份相关政策文件,通过内容分析揭示了五大主题,包括国家战略,快速批准,安全性和有效性要求,数据保护和技术支持。政府对孤儿药研发的投入每年稳步增长。在这些激励措施的推动下,批准上市的孤儿药和进入临床研究的候选药物数量逐年增加,越来越多的国内制药企业积极参与到孤儿药的研发中。
结论:在激励监管政策和更多研究投入的刺激下,中国孤儿药的开发正在迅速发展。中国正在努力建立一个更加规范和全面的罕见病生态系统。然而,仍然有一些挑战,例如缺乏足够的财政支持和呼吁对罕见疾病进行系统立法,为未来的成功而解决。
Rare diseases are a global public health issue with a more pressing situation in
China. Unfortunately, the relevant research and development in this country are still in its infancy, leading to limited drug accessibility. In view of this, the Chinese government has taken a series of countermeasures to promote orphan drug R&D in recent years, which has presented encouraging results. This paper aims to review incentive policies and funding initiatives formulated by the Chinese government and examine their implications on orphan drug R&D.
Policies targeting orphan drug R&D during 2012-2022 were retrieved from the relevant official websites, categorized into different themes and analyzed for the contents. Data on government funding, drug approval, clinical trial approval and orphan drug designation were collected through internet search to analyze the implications of those incentive policies and initiatives on orphan drug R&D in
China.
A total of 20 relevant policy documents were identified and five major themes were revealed through content analysis, including national strategy, expedited approval, safety and efficacy requirements, data protection and technical support. The government input in orphan drug R&D has witnessed a steady annual increase. Driven by those incentives, the numbers of orphan drugs approved for marketing and drug candidates entering clinical studies are increasing year by year, and more domestic pharmaceutical companies are actively involved in the R&D of orphan drugs.
Orphan drug development in
China is growing rapidly under the stimulation of incentive regulatory policies and more investment in researches.
China is working toward a more standardized and comprehensive rare disease ecosystem. However, there are still some challenges, such as the lack of sufficient financial support and the call for systematic legislation on rare diseases, to be addressed for future success.