每年,全球塑料垃圾产量达到惊人的4亿吨(Mt),对环境造成不利后果,食品安全,和生物多样性,因为它降解成微塑料(MP)。MP污染的多面性,加上其复杂的生理影响,强调迫切需要全面的政策和立法框架。这些措施,随着技术的进步,有希望避免海洋生态灾难。授权立法是恢复海洋健康和确保地球福祉的关键一步。这项工作概述了政策障碍,立法倡议,以及解决MP造成的全球污染的前瞻性策略。此外,这项工作探索了创新的方法,这些方法为打击各个部门的塑料污染提供了新的见解。强调全球塑料条约的重要性,这篇文章强调了它在减轻MP污染对海洋生态系统的有害影响方面激发合作努力的潜力。成功实施这样的条约可以彻底改变塑料经济,转向圆形,在行星边界内运行的污染较少的模型。不采取果断行动有可能加剧MP污染的祸害及其对人类和环境的随之而来的影响。这项工作的核心是制定,内容,以及条约本身的执行,这需要仔细考虑。虽然认识到全球塑料条约不是灵丹妙药,它是加强塑料治理和提升全球到2040年实现零塑料污染的雄心的机制。采用生命周期方法进行塑料管理,可以细致入微地理解环境影响和经济增长之间可能的权衡。在考虑社会经济影响的情况下指导最优解决方案的选择。采取立法措施和技术创新相结合的综合战略,我们可以大大减少海洋塑料垃圾的流入,为子孙后代保护海洋。
Every year, the global production of plastic waste reaches a staggering 400 million metric tons (Mt), precipitating adverse consequences for the environment, food safety, and biodiversity as it degrades into microplastics (MPs). The multifaceted nature of MP pollution, coupled with its intricate physiological impacts, underscores the pressing need for comprehensive policies and legislative frameworks. Such measures, alongside advancements in technology, hold promise in averting ecological catastrophe in the oceans. Mandated legislation represents a pivotal step towards restoring oceanic health and securing the well-being of the planet. This work offers an overview of the policy hurdles, legislative initiatives, and prospective strategies for addressing global pollution due to MP. Additionally, this work explores innovative approaches that yield fresh insights into combating plastic pollution across various sectors. Emphasizing the importance of a global plastics treaty, the article underscores its potential to galvanize collaborative efforts in mitigating MP pollution\'s deleterious effects on marine ecosystems. Successful implementation of such a treaty could revolutionize the plastics economy, steering it towards a circular, less polluting model operating within planetary boundaries. Failure to act decisively risks exacerbating the scourge of MP pollution and its attendant repercussions on both humanity and the environment. Central to this endeavor are the formulation, content, and execution of the treaty itself, which demand careful consideration. While recognizing that a global plastics treaty is not a panacea, it serves as a mechanism for enhancing plastics governance and elevating global ambitions towards achieving zero plastic pollution by 2040. Adopting a life cycle approach to plastic management allows for a nuanced understanding of possible trade-offs between environmental impact and economic growth, guiding the selection of optimal solutions with socio-economic implications in mind. By embracing a comprehensive strategy that integrates legislative measures and technological innovations, we can substantially reduce the influx of marine plastic litter at its sources, safeguarding the oceans for future generations.