脑膜炎奈瑟菌血清群B(NmB)菌株具有不同的抗原,预测脑膜炎球菌血清群B(MenB)疫苗株覆盖率的必要方法。遗传性脑膜炎球菌抗原分型系统(gMATS),MATS估计的关联,预测4组分MenB(4CMenB)疫苗在可培养和不可培养的NmB分离株中的菌株覆盖率。在台湾,134侵入性,2003-2020年收集了致病NMB分离株(23.1%,4.5%,5.2%,29.8%,年龄≤11个月的个体占37.3%,12-23个月,2-4年,5-29年,≥30年,分别)。NmB分离株通过全基因组测序和疫苗抗原基因分型进行表征,使用gMATS预测4CMenB菌株的覆盖率。与502个全球NmB基因组的系统发育关系分析表明,大多数分离株属于三个全球高侵袭性克隆复合物:ST-4821(27.6%),ST-32(23.9%),和ST-41/44(14.9%)。gMATS预测的菌株覆盖率为62.7%,覆盖27.6%的分离株,2.2%未覆盖,66.4%是gMATS不可预测的。年龄组覆盖点估计值从42.9%(2-4岁)到66.1%(≤11个月)不等。抗原覆盖率估计和预测为覆盖/未覆盖的百分比是高度可变的,具有一种或多种gMATS阳性抗原的分离株的估计值高于对一种4CMenB抗原呈阳性的分离株的估计值。总之,台湾4CMenB对NmB菌株覆盖率的首次研究显示,gMATS覆盖率为62.7%,可预测的29.8%的分离株覆盖率。这些可能被低估,因为gMATS计算没有考虑与由多组分疫苗引起的抗体与多个靶标的同时结合相关的协同机制或次要外膜囊泡疫苗组分的贡献。重要脑球菌病,由脑膜炎奈瑟菌(脑膜炎球菌)引起,包括脑膜炎和败血症。虽然罕见,侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病通常是严重的,可能是致命的。几乎所有病例都是由6种脑膜炎球菌血清群(类型)引起的,包括脑膜炎球菌血清群B.有针对脑膜炎球菌血清群B的疫苗,但是这些疫苗靶向的抗原具有高度可变的遗传特征和表达水平,因此,疫苗接种的有效性可能因特定国家流行的菌株而异。因此,重要的是测试从特定群体分离的脑膜炎球菌血清群B菌株,以估计疫苗可以保护的细菌菌株的百分比(疫苗菌株覆盖率)。2003年至2020年在台湾收集了脑膜炎球菌分离株,其中134株被鉴定为血清群B。我们对这些分离株进行了进一步调查,包括使用一种方法(称为gMATS)来预测4组分脑膜炎球菌血清群B疫苗(4CMenB)的疫苗株覆盖率。
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (NmB) strains have diverse antigens, necessitating methods for predicting meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) vaccine strain coverage. The genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (gMATS), a correlate of MATS estimates, predicts strain coverage by the 4-component MenB (4CMenB) vaccine in cultivable and non-cultivable NmB isolates. In Taiwan, 134 invasive, disease-causing NmB isolates were collected in 2003-2020 (23.1%, 4.5%, 5.2%, 29.8%, and 37.3% from individuals aged ≤11 months, 12-23 months, 2-4 years, 5-29 years, and ≥30 years, respectively). NmB isolates were characterized by whole-genome sequencing and vaccine antigen genotyping, and 4CMenB strain coverage was predicted using gMATS. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships with 502 global NmB genomes showed that most isolates belonged to three global hyperinvasive clonal complexes: ST-4821 (27.6%), ST-32 (23.9%), and ST-41/44 (14.9%). Predicted strain coverage by gMATS was 62.7%, with 27.6% isolates covered, 2.2% not covered, and 66.4% unpredictable by gMATS. Age group coverage point estimates ranged from 42.9% (2-4 years) to 66.1% (≤11 months). Antigen coverage estimates and percentages predicted as covered/not covered were highly variable, with higher estimates for isolates with one or more gMATS-positive antigens than for isolates positive for one 4CMenB antigen. In conclusion, this first study on NmB strain coverage by 4CMenB in Taiwan shows 62.7% coverage by gMATS, with predictable coverage for 29.8% of isolates. These could be underestimated since the gMATS calculation does not consider synergistic mechanisms associated with simultaneous antibody binding to multiple targets elicited by multicomponent vaccines or the contributions of minor outer membrane vesicle vaccine components.IMPORTANCEMeningococcal diseases, caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), include meningitis and septicemia. Although rare, invasive meningococcal disease is often severe and can be fatal. Nearly all cases are caused by six meningococcal serogroups (types), including meningococcal serogroup B. Vaccines are available against meningococcal serogroup B, but the antigens targeted by these vaccines have highly variable genetic features and expression levels, so the effectiveness of vaccination may vary depending on the strains circulating in particular countries. It is therefore important to test meningococcal serogroup B strains isolated from specific populations to estimate the percentage of bacterial strains that a vaccine can protect against (vaccine strain coverage). Meningococcal isolates were collected in Taiwan between 2003 and 2020, of which 134 were identified as serogroup B. We did further investigations on these isolates, including using a method (called gMATS) to predict vaccine strain coverage by the 4-component meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB).