一氯胺对引起胃肠炎的轮状病毒(RV)和杜兰病毒(TV)的灭活功效,诺如病毒的替代品,在这项研究中进行了评估。此外,研究了通过提高温度和顺序实施紫外线照射来提高一氯胺消毒效率的策略。结果表明,一氯胺比RV更有效地灭活TV。此外,在35°C下,一氯胺对RV和TV的失活速率常数分别提高了约46%和100%,分别,与25°C时相比。此外,与单独的一氯胺(UV:6mJ/cm2,NH2Cl:60ppm×min)相比,在一氯胺之前施加紫外线照射可使RV和TV的灭活效率分别提高63%和72%。此外,在RV灭活过程中通过顺序过程观察到协同作用。尤其是,高于0.5log10的RVVP1基因组减少有助于序贯治疗的协同作用,而在单独的UV(13mJ/cm2)或单独的一氯胺(94ppm×min)期间观察到RVVP1基因组减少少于0.1log10。基因组损伤可能是RV失活的序贯治疗中产生协同作用的主要机制。相比之下,由于对一氯胺和紫外线的高度敏感性,未发现TV失活的协同作用。有关灭活功效和改善机理的发现将有助于一氯胺在水处理和分配系统中用于病毒灭活的广泛应用。
The inactivation efficacy by
monochloramine for disinfecting gastroenteritis-causing rotaviruses (RV) and Tulane viruses (TV), a surrogate for noroviruses, were evaluated in this study. In addition, the strategies for improving the disinfection efficiency of
monochloramine by raising the temperature and sequentially implementing UV irradiation were investigated. The results showed that
monochloramine was more effective in the inactivation of TV than RV. Additionally, the inactivation rate constants of RV and TV by monochloramine at 35 °C were improved approximately by 46% and 100%, respectively, compared to those at 25 °C. Moreover, applying UV irradiation before
monochloramine enhanced the inactivation efficacy of RV and TV by 63% and 72% compared to
monochloramine alone (UV: 6 mJ/cm2, NH2Cl: 60 ppm × min). Furthermore, the synergistic effect was observed during the RV inactivation by the sequential process. Especially, higher than 0.5 log10 reductions of RV VP1 genome contributed to the synergistic effect in sequential treatment, while less than 0.1 log10 reductions of RV VP1 genome were observed during UV alone (13 mJ/cm2) or monochloramine alone (94 ppm × min). The genome damage might be the primary mechanism of generating synergy in sequential treatment for the inactivation of RV. By comparison, no synergistic effect was discovered for the inactivation of TV due to high susceptibility to monochloramine and UV. The findings on the inactivation efficacy and mechanism for improvement will contribute to a wide application of monochloramine for virus inactivation in water treatment and distribution systems.