考虑到泛酸和硫胺素对能量代谢的调节作用,研究了包膜泛酸钙(CCP)和包膜硫胺素(CT)对牛奶产量和成分的影响,营养消化,和乳腺脂肪酸合成相关基因的表达。44头中国荷斯坦多胎母牛(胎次为2.8±0.19,772±12.3kg体重[BW],牛奶[DIM]为65.8±8.6天,牛奶产量为35.3±1.9kg/d,平均值±SD)被奇偶校验阻断,BW,DIM,和牛奶生产,并将它们分配到2×2阶乘区块设计的四种处理之一中。将额外的CCP(来自CCP[CCP]的0mg/kg[CCP-]或55mg/kg干物质[DM])和CT(来自CT[CT]的0g/kg[CT-]或5.3mg/kg硫胺素)手动混合到总混合比的最高三分之一中。CCP和CT添加剂都增加了牛奶产量,脂肪含量,真正的蛋白质,和乳糖通过促进营养消化率。CCP或/和CT补充导致C11:0,C12:0,C13:0,C14:0,C14:1,C15:0,C15:1,C16:00,C16:1,C24:00,C24:1脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸,和乳脂中C4-16脂肪酸含量;但它降低了C17-22脂肪酸含量。瘤胃总VFA含量增加,但两种添加剂都降低了pH值。瘤胃的发酵模式发生了改变,补充两种添加剂后,乙酸盐与丙酸盐的比例增加暗示了乙酸盐形成的趋势。PPARγ的表达,SREBPF1,ACACA,FASN,SCD,通过添加CCP或CT增强FABP3mRNA,但LPLmRNA的相对表达仅通过CT添加上调。此外,血糖,甘油三酯,两种添加剂均可促进胰岛素样生长因子-1和总抗氧化能力。CCP与CT联合应用能更有效地提高瘤胃总VFA浓度,乙酸盐与丙酸盐的比例,和血糖水平,与单独使用CCP或CT相比,氨态氮浓度降低。结果表明,补充CCP和CT通过促进乳腺中的营养消化和脂肪酸合成来刺激泌乳性能。
Considering the synergistic effect of pantothenate and thiamine on the regulation of energy metabolism, this study investigated the influences of coated calcium pantothenate (CCP) and coated thiamine (CT) on milk production and composition, nutrients digestion, and expressions of genes involved in fatty acids synthesis in mammary glands. Forty-four multiparous Chinese Holstein cows (2.8 ± 0.19 of parity, 772 ± 12.3 kg of body weight [BW], 65.8 ± 8.6 days in milk [DIM] and 35.3 ± 1.9 kg/d of milk production, mean ± SD) were blocked by parity, BW, DIM, and milk production, and they were allocated into one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial block design. Additional CCP (0 mg/kg [CCP-] or 55 mg/kg dry matter [DM] of calcium pantothenate from CCP [CCP+]) and CT (0 g/kg [CT-] or 5.3 mg/kg DM of thiamine from CT [CT+]) were hand-mixed into the top one-third of total mixed ration. Both CCP and CT additives increased milk production, fat content, true protein, and lactose by promoting nutrient digestibility. The CCP or/and CT supplementation induced the elevation of C11:0, C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C14:1, C15:0, C15:1, C16:00, C16:1, C24:00, C24:1 fatty acids, saturated fatty acid, and C4-16 fatty acid contents in milk fat; but it decreased C17-22 fatty acid content. Ruminal total VFA content was increased, but pH was decreased by both additives. The ruminal fermentation pattern was altered, and a tendency of acetate formation was implied by the increased acetate-to-propionate ratio after both additives\' supplementation. The expressions of PPARγ, SREBPF1, ACACA, FASN, SCD, and FABP3 mRNAs were enhanced by CCP or CT addition, but the relative expression of LPL mRNA was upregulated by CT addition only. Additionally, blood glucose, triglyceride, insulin-like growth factor-1, and total antioxidant capacity were promoted by both additives. The combination of CCP and CT more effectively increased the ruminal total VFA concentration, the acetate to propionate ratio, and blood glucose level, and decreased ammoniacal nitrogen concentration than that achieved by CCP or CT alone. The results suggested that CCP and CT supplementation stimulated lactation performance by promoting nutrient digestion and fatty acid synthesis in the mammary glands.