政治和社会因素影响的时空变化,如(暂停捕捞,海洋保护区,新年,根据AIS2013年至2020年中国的捕捞努力数据,对COVID-19)近海捕捞活动进行了评估。发现最大捕捞强度发生在海岸线的20-30km内,海岸线40公里范围内的区域涵盖了51%的捕鱼活动,在海岸线100公里范围内的捕鱼活动占92%。2013年至2016年,捕捞热点在渤海和东海呈现高度聚集的分布。2017年以来,我国热渔区逐渐分化,南迁。在休渔期间,与暂停前相比,捕捞努力减少了51%,在暂停之后,与暂停前相比,捕鱼努力平均增加了81%。我们调查了中国约249个MPA的捕鱼活动,发现71%的MPA没有捕鱼,海洋保护区的平均捕捞强度比非保护区低35%。关于社会事件,结论是,在新年假期期间,捕捞努力和捕捞面积分别减少了79%和73%,分别,与常规捕鱼期相比。COVID-19疫情促使2020年的捕捞努力自2013年以来首次下降,2020年的平均捕捞努力分别比2019年和2017年至2019年下降14%和6%。
The spatial-temporal variation of the impact of political and social factors such as (Fishing Moratorium, Marine Protected Areas, New Year, and COVID-19) on fishing activities offshore was evaluated based on fishing efforts data by AIS from 2013 to 2020 for
China. It is found that the maximum fishing intensity occurs within 20-30 km of the coastline, the area within 40 km of the coastline covers 51% of fishing activities, and within 100 km of the coastline accounts for 92% of fishing activities. From 2013 to 2016, fishing hotspots showed a highly aggregated spread in the Bohai Sea and the East
China Sea. Since 2017,
China\'s hot fishing areas have gradually fragmented and southern moved. During the fishing moratorium, the fishing efforts decreased by 51% compared to the pre-moratorium, and after the moratorium, the fishing efforts increased by 81% compared to the pre-moratorium on average. We investigated fishing activities in and around 249 MPAs in
China and found that 71% of MPAs are free of fishing, and average fishing intensity across MPAs is 35% lower than not protected areas. Regarding the social events, it is concluded that during the New Year holiday, the fishing efforts and fishing area were reduced by 79% and 73%, respectively, compared to the regular fishing period. The COVID-19 epidemic prompted a decrease in fishing efforts in 2020 for the first time since 2013, with the average fishing efforts in 2020 being 14% and 6% lower than in 2019 and 2017 to 2019, respectively.