The complexity of micro-tidal inlets arises from the combined action of littoral drift and tidal range on their stability. Consequently, understanding and evaluating their stability poses a significant challenge. This study aims to shed some insight on the assessment of inlet stability by employing Delft 3D model. The stability of the inlet between the ocean and estuary relies on the balance between the longshore transport rate and the spring tidal prism. Disrupting this equilibrium results in the closure of the inlets. The movement of sediments in the surf zone is primarily driven by longshore velocity, which acts as the driving force for littoral drift, which is estimated using Delft 3D wave model. The longshore transport rate is estimated by employing empirical relationships and numerical codes based on the obtained driving force. Subsequently, the stability of the inlet is assessed based on these estimations. The spring tidal prism refers to the discharge of water flowing into the ocean from inlets and estuaries. Flow velocity is determined using Delft 3D flow model. The input data for nearshore circulation resulting from waves and currents is primarily collected through field measurements and data collected from Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS). For the current study, Muttukadu (12°47\'13″N, 80°15\'01″E) inlet, Kovalam along the East Coast of the Indian Peninsula is investigated by assessing its seasonal variations. This study contributes to the management of marine biological ecology, the expansion of small-scale artisanal fishing, the promotion of water sports-related tourism, the advancement of fishing harbor development, and the execution of coastal engineering projects.

Strictures are common complications after ileal pouch surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic stricturotomy vs. endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) in the treatment of pouch inlet strictures.
All consecutive ulcerative colitis patients with the diagnosis of pouch inlet or afferent limb strictures treated in our Interventional Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit (i-IBD) from 2008 to 2017 were extracted. The primary outcomes were surgery-free survival and post-procedural complications.
A total of 200 eligible patients were included in this study, with 40 (20.0%) patients treated with endoscopic stricturotomy and 160 (80.0%) patients treated with EBD. Symptom improvement was recorded in 11 (42.3%) patients treated with endoscopic stricturotomy and 16 (13.2%) treated with EBD. Subsequent surgery rate was comparable between the two groups (9 [22.5%] vs. 33 [20.6%], P = 0.80) during a median follow-up of 0.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 0.4-0.8) vs. 3.6 years (IQR 1.1-6.2) in patients receiving endoscopic stricturotomy and EBD, respectively. The overall surgery-free survival seems to be comparable as well (P = 0.12). None of the patients in the stricturotomy group developed pouch failure, while 9 patients (5.6%) had pouch failure in the balloon dilation group (P = 0.17). Procedural bleeding was seen in three occasions (4.7% per procedure) in patients receiving endoscopic stricturotomy and perforation was seen in three occasions (0.8% per procedure) in patients receiving EBD (P = 0.02). In multivariable analysis, an increased length of the stricture (hazard ratio [HR] 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-1.8) and concurrent pouchitis (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.0-5.7) were found to be risk factors for the requirement of surgery.
Endoscopic stricturotomy and EBD were both effective in treating patients with pouch inlet or afferent limb strictures, EBD had a higher perforation risk while endoscopic stricturotomy had a higher bleeding risk.