应激通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的功能改变在抑郁症的发病机制中起重要作用,其中一个关键的输出是压力荷尔蒙皮质醇。但HPA轴活动与抑郁之间的确切关系仍不清楚,部分原因是大多数皮质醇测量仅反映急性或短期波动。在这项研究中,头发皮质醇及其代谢物可的松进行了前瞻性测量,中国渔民工作压力和抑郁症状的前后随访研究。我们评估了HPA活性,工作压力,和捕捞前后的抑郁症状,以确定头发中的皮质醇和可的松是否可以缓解中国渔民的工作压力和抑郁症状。
头发皮质醇,头发可的松,工作压力,在海上1-3个月之前和之后,对中国渔民(n=229;年龄16-65岁)进行了抑郁测量。渔民回来一周后,他们提供最接近头皮的2-4厘米的头发段。我们使用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测量头发皮质醇和头发可的松。
捕鱼前渔民的工作压力和头发皮质醇明显高于捕鱼后,而头发可的松较低。抑郁症状差异无统计学意义。低头发皮质醇或高头发可的松的渔民在经历压力后更容易表现出抑郁症状,当面对较低水平的工作压力时,不太可能表现出抑郁症状,与微分磁化率模型一致。
假设平均毛发生长为1厘米/月可能会导致捕捞前后的时间重叠,激素数据和问卷收集之间的时间误差。本研究仅评估了两个观察点。使用自我报告量表可能会影响结果的可解释性。最后,这项研究使用了在海南省一个地点工作的有限海洋渔民样本,中国。
头发皮质醇和头发可的松似乎在渔民工作压力和抑郁症状之间的关系中起调节作用,符合抑郁症的差分易感性模型。然而,他们的调节机制不一样,这可以反映生理指标的复杂性。
Stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression through functional changes to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a key output of which is the stress hormone cortisol. But the precise relationship between HPA axis activity and depression remains unclear, in part because mostly cortisol measurement only provides reflect acute or short-term fluctuations. In this study, hair cortisol and its metabolite cortisone were measured in a prospective, pre and post follow-up study of working stress and depressive symptoms in Chinese fishermen. We evaluated HPA activity, work stress, and depression symptoms before and after fishing to determine whether cortisol and cortisone in hair can moderate the work stress and depression symptoms of Chinese fishermen.
Hair cortisol, hair cortisone, work stress, and depression were measured in Chinese fishermen (n=229; age 16-65) before and after 1-3 months at sea. A week after the fishermen returned, they provided 2-4 cm hair segments closest to the scalp. We measured hair cortisol and hair cortisone using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
The work stress and hair cortisol of fishermen before fishing were significantly higher than those after fishing, while hair cortisone was lower. There was no significant difference in depressive symptoms. Fishermen with low hair cortisol or high hair cortisone were more likely to show depressive symptoms after experiencing stress, and were less likely to show depressive symptoms when faced with lower levels of work stress, consistent with the differential susceptibility model.
The assumption of an average hair growth of 1 cm/month may cause time overlap between pre- and post-fishing, and time error between the hormone data and questionnaire collection. The present study evaluated only two observation points. The use of self-report scales may affect interpretability of the results. Finally, the study used a limited sample of marine fishermen working out of a single location in Hainan province,
China.
Hair cortisol and hair cortisone appear to have a moderating role in the relationship between work stress and depressive symptoms among fishermen, which fits with the differential susceptibility model of depression. However, their mechanisms of moderation are not the same, which may reflect the complexity of physiological indicators.