在线人种学一直为慢性病患者做出独特的贡献,作为离线人种学的补充。它还可以用于研究互联网背景下慢性病患者的复杂性和偶然性。因此,有必要综合有关慢性病患者在线人种学研究活动的现有知识。
这项范围审查旨在概述在线人种学在慢性病患者中应用的现有证据,着眼于特点,捐款,和实施过程。这将为将来使用在线人种学提供建议。
我们遵循了Arksey和O\'Malley以及JoannaBriggs研究所开发的范围审查方法。在PubMed上进行了全面搜索,CINAHL,Embase,Scopus,和使用预选关键字的PsycInfo数据库。搜索仅限于2000年1月1日至2022年2月1日之间用英文撰写的文档。删除重复项后,文章由两名阅读标题的独立审稿人筛选,abstract,和全文。一位审阅者提取了数据,对其进行了描述性分析,以映射现有知识。
经过2836个标题和摘要以及51个全文的筛选,分析中包括27种出版物,2009年至2022年出版。大多数研究来自美国(11/27,40.7%),大多数文章从在线论坛收集数据(10/27,37.0%)。此外,最常用的研究人员参与类型是被动分析(24/27,88.9%),18.5%(5/27)的主题与精神病患者有关。值得注意的是,大多数文章没有详细报道浸泡过程(17/25,63.0%)。88.9%(24/27)的文章中提到了伦理问题。
我们分析了各个领域的当前文献,发现可以利用在线人种学来探索患有慢性病的人的更深层次的经验,这些慢性病很难使用传统的人种学进行调查。我们发现研究人员的参与是多种多样的,浸没过程,数据收集,和数据分析。然而,大多数研究报告了对在线环境的沉浸不足。研究人员应确定研究方法和数据资源,以便在研究之前完成文化沉浸。我们还发现,道德问题没有统一的标准。因此,我们建议研究人员收集公共和私人数据,获得知情同意,并保护患有慢性病的在线用户的隐私和机密性。研究结果可为在线医疗保健在慢性病研究中的应用提供实践参考。
Online
ethnography has been making a unique contribution to people with chronic conditions as a complement to offline
ethnography. It can also be used to study the complexities and contingencies of people with chronic conditions in the context of the internet. Therefore, there is a need to synthesize existing knowledge on research activities concerning online ethnography for people with chronic conditions.
This scoping review aimed to profile the existing evidence on the application of online
ethnography for people with chronic conditions, focusing on the characteristics, contributions, and implementation process. This will provide recommendations for the future use of online
ethnography.
We followed the scoping review methodologies developed by Arksey and O\' Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute. A comprehensive search was conducted on the PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and PsycInfo databases using preselected keywords. The search was limited to documents written in English and published between January 1, 2000, and February 1, 2022. After removal of duplicates, articles were screened by 2 independent reviewers reading the title, abstract, and full text. One reviewer extracted data, which were descriptively analyzed to map the existing knowledge.
After 2836 titles and abstracts and 51 full texts were screened, 27 publications were included in the analysis, published between 2009 and 2022. Most studies were from the United States (11/27, 40.7%), and most articles collected data from online forums (10/27, 37.0%). Moreover, the most commonly used type of researcher involvement was passive analysis (24/27, 88.9%), and 18.5% (5/27) of the topics concerned people with mental illness. Notably, the majority of articles did not report the immersion process in detail (17/25, 63.0%). Ethical issues were mentioned in 88.9% (24/27) of the included articles.
We analyzed the current literature across fields and found that online
ethnography can be exploited to explore the deeper experience of people with chronic conditions that are difficult to investigate using traditional ethnography. We found that there was diversity in researcher involvement, immersion process, data collection, and data analysis. However, most studies reported the insufficient immersion into the online environment. Researchers should determine the research approaches and data resources in order to complete culture immersion before researching. We also found that there was no uniform standard for ethical issues. Therefore, we recommend that researchers collect public and private data, obtain informed consent, and preserve the privacy and confidentiality of online users with chronic conditions. The findings can provide a practical reference for the use of online health care in studying chronic conditions.