蓝细菌含有丰富的植物化学物质,这对预防许多疾病有有益的影响。本研究旨在全面表征植物化学物质并评估蓝细菌Leptolyngbyasp的乙醇提取物中的多功能生物活性。KC45.结果发现,提取物主要含有叶绿素,类胡萝卜素,酚类物质,和类黄酮.通过LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS分析,发现了38种具有良好生物活性的酚类化合物,并且在鉴定的酚类化合物中发现了更高的类黄酮多样性。提取物能有效吸收有害紫外线,对DPPH具有较高的抗氧化活性,ABTS,和PFRAP。提取物对酶(酪氨酸酶,胶原酶,ACE,和α-葡萄糖苷酶)与疾病相关。有趣的是,提取物对癌细胞(皮肤A375,肺A549和结肠Caco-2)具有很强的细胞毒性作用,但对正常细胞的影响要小得多,表明提取物的安全性令人满意。更重要的是,DNA梯测定和TUNEL测定的组合证明了用提取物处理48小时后癌细胞中DNA片段的出现,证实凋亡机制。我们的研究结果表明,蓝藻提取物可能被用作食品中各种工业应用的功能成分,化妆品,制药,和营养食品。
Cyanobacteria are rich in phytochemicals, which have beneficial impacts on the prevention of many diseases. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize phytochemicals and evaluate multifunctional bioactivities in the ethanolic extract of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. KC45. Results found that the extract mainly contained chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis, 38 phenolic compounds with promising bioactivities were discovered, and a higher diversity of flavonoids was found among the phenolic compounds identified. The extract effectively absorbed the harmful UV rays and showed high antioxidant activity on DPPH, ABTS, and PFRAP. The extract yielded high-efficiency inhibitory effects on enzymes (tyrosinase, collagenase, ACE, and α-glucosidase) related to diseases. Interestingly, the extract showed a strong cytotoxic effect on cancer cells (skin A375, lung A549, and colon Caco-2), but had a much smaller effect on normal cells, indicating a satisfactory level of safety for the extract. More importantly, the combination of the DNA ladder assay and the TUNEL assay proved the appearance of DNA fragmentation in cancer cells after a 48 h treatment with the extract, confirming the apoptosis mechanisms. Our findings suggest that cyanobacterium extract could be potentially used as a functional ingredient for various industrial applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.