苏打盐碱胁迫显著阻碍水稻籽粒灌浆过程,最终影响水稻产量。生物炭已被证明可以减轻盐碱胁迫对植物的负面影响。然而,生物炭影响苏打盐碱土壤中水稻籽粒灌浆速率的确切机制仍未完全了解。进行了为期两年的田间试验,使用两种氮肥水平(0和225kgha-1)和五种生物炭的施用量[0%(B0),0.5%(B1),1.5%(B2),3.0%(B3),和4.5%(B4)生物炭,w/w]。结果表明,生物炭对降低苏打盐碱地水稻的Na+浓度和Na+/K+比具有显著的影响,同时也改善了其应激生理条件。B1、B2、B3和B4的平均籽粒填充率显着提高了5.76%,6.59%,9.80%,10.79%,分别,与B0相比;达到最大籽粒填充率和最大籽粒重量的时间从6.02%增加到12.47%,从7.85%增加到14.68%,分别。同时,生物炭,特别是与氮肥一起使用时,显著增强了蔗糖合成酶(SuSase)的活性,ADPG焦磷酸化酶(AGPase),淀粉合成酶(StSase),苏打盐碱地稻粒的淀粉分支酶(SBE)。此外,与B0处理相比,B1、B2、B3和B4处理的水稻产量提高了11.95-42.74%。这些发现表明,生物炭通过调节离子平衡来提高产量,生理指标,淀粉合成关键酶活性,和苏打盐碱稻田的籽粒灌浆速率。
Soda saline-alkaline stress significantly impedes the rice grain filling process and ultimately impacts rice yield. Biochar has been shown to mitigate the negative impacts of saline-alkaline stress on plants. However, the exact mechanism by which biochar influences the rice grain-filling rate in soda saline-alkaline soil is still not fully understood. A two-year field experiment was conducted with two nitrogen fertilizer levels (0 and 225 kg ha-1) and five biochar application rates [0% (B0), 0.5% (B1), 1.5% (B2), 3.0% (B3), and 4.5% (B4) biochar, w/w]. The results demonstrated that biochar had a significant impact on reducing the Na+ concentration and Na+/K+ ratio in rice grown in soda saline-alkaline lands, while also improving its stress physiological conditions. B1, B2, B3, and B4 showed a notable increase in the average grain-filling rate by 5.76%, 6.59%, 9.80%, and 10.79%, respectively, compared to B0; the time to reach the maximum grain-filling rate and the maximum grain weight saw increases ranging from 6.02% to 12.47% and from 7.85% to 14.68%, respectively. Meanwhile, biochar, particularly when used in conjunction with nitrogen fertilizer, notably enhanced the activities of sucrose synthase (SuSase), ADPG pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase (StSase), and starch branching enzyme (SBE) of rice grains in soda saline-alkaline lands. Furthermore, rice yield increased by 11.95-42.74% in the B1, B2, B3, and B4 treatments compared to the B0 treatment. These findings showed that biochar improves yield by regulating ionic balance, physiological indicators, starch synthesis key enzyme activities, and the grain-filling rate in soda saline-alkaline paddy fields.