E26转化特异性(ETS)转录变体5(ETV5),也称为ETS相关分子(ERM),在正常生理过程中发挥多种功能,包括分支形态发生,神经系统发育,生育力,胚胎发育,免疫调节,和细胞代谢。此外,ETV5在多种恶性肿瘤中反复被发现过表达,它作为致癌转录因子参与癌症进展。它在癌症转移中的作用,扩散,氧化应激反应和耐药性表明它是一个潜在的预后生物标志物,以及癌症治疗的治疗靶标。翻译后修饰,基因融合事件,复杂的细胞信号串扰和非编码RNA导致ETV5的失调和异常活动。然而,迄今为止,很少有研究系统地总结ETV5在良性疾病和致癌进展中的作用和分子机制。在这次审查中,我们指定了ETV5的分子结构和翻译后修饰。此外,总结了其在良性和恶性疾病中的关键作用,为专家和临床医生绘制全景图。描述了ETV5在癌症生物学和肿瘤进展中的最新分子机制。最后,我们展望了ETV5在肿瘤学中的进一步研究方向及其在临床上的潜在转化应用。
E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription variant 5 (
ETV5), also known as ETS-related molecule (ERM), exerts versatile functions in normal physiological processes, including branching morphogenesis, neural system development, fertility, embryonic development, immune regulation, and cell metabolism. In addition,
ETV5 is repeatedly found to be overexpressed in multiple malignant tumors, where it is involved in cancer progression as an oncogenic transcription factor. Its roles in cancer metastasis, proliferation, oxidative stress response and drug resistance indicate that it is a potential prognostic biomarker, as well as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Post-translational modifications, gene fusion events, sophisticated cellular signaling crosstalk and non-coding RNAs contribute to the dysregulation and abnormal activities of
ETV5. However, few studies to date systematically summarized the role and molecular mechanisms of ETV5 in benign diseases and in oncogenic progression. In this review, we specify the molecular structure and post-translational modifications of
ETV5. In addition, its critical roles in benign and malignant diseases are summarized to draw a panorama for specialists and clinicians. The updated molecular mechanisms of
ETV5 in cancer biology and tumor progression are delineated. Finally, we prospect the further direction of ETV5 research in oncology and its potential translational applications in the clinic.