介绍以前的研究报道了有特殊需要的儿童视觉缺陷的高患病率。然而,在中国农村地区,这些儿童缺乏常规的眼部检查。本研究旨在评估中国农村特殊教育学校儿童视力障碍(VI)的状况。方法遵义市两所特殊学校316名学生,贵州省,已注册。进行了全面的眼科检查,并向潜在患者提供基因测序服务.结果316名受试者的平均年龄为12.27±3.49岁,裂隙灯检查有75例异常眼部表现。在232只眼中评估了视力(VA),和平均VA(最小分辨率角的对数,logMAR)为0.27±0.34。全外显子组测序(WES)在这些儿童中鉴定出19个突变,这也许可以解释他们的视觉抱怨。患有唐氏综合症的儿童的眼部疾病患病率明显高于没有唐氏综合症的儿童。结论VI在农村特殊教育学校的儿童中很常见;但是,常规筛查和有效干预措施尚未得到一致实施.应该努力解决这些已经处于不利地位的儿童的这一问题。
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of visual defects in children with special needs. However, routine ocular examinations for these children in rural areas of
China are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the status of visual impairment (VI) in children at special education schools in rural
China.
METHODS: A total of 316 students from two special schools in Zunyi city, Guizhou province, were enrolled. Full ophthalmic examinations were performed, and gene-sequencing services were offered to potential patients.
RESULTS: The mean age of the 316 participants was 12.27 ± 3.49 years and 75 showed abnormal ophthalmic manifestations on slit-lamp examination. Visual acuity (VA) was assessed in 232 eyes, and the mean VA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, logMAR) was 0.27 ± 0.34. Whole-exome sequencing identified 19 mutations in these children, which might explain their visual complaints. Children with Down syndrome had a significantly higher prevalence of ocular disorders than those without.
CONCLUSIONS: VI is common among children at special education schools in rural areas; however, routine screening and effective interventions have not been consistently implemented. Efforts should be made to address this issue in these already disadvantaged children.