背景:实验研究表明,暴露于双酚A(BPA)及其替代品,如双酚F(BPF)和双酚S(BPS),可能对卵巢储备产生不利影响,但是人类的证据是有限的。此外,在寻求不孕症治疗的女性中,双酚暴露的潜在预测因素尚未有报道.
目的:探讨BPA的个体或混合物,BPF,BPS与窦卵泡计数(AFC)有关,并进一步确定寻求辅助生殖治疗的女性中暴露于双酚的预测因素。
方法:沈阳某生殖中心111名妇女,中国于2020年9月至2021年2月参加了这项研究。尿BPA的浓度,BPF,使用超高效液相色谱-三重四重质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)测量BPS。AFC由两名不孕症医生在自然周期的2-5天通过经阴道超声检查进行测量。人口特征,饮食习惯,和生活方式通过问卷调查获得。个体与尿中双酚浓度的混合物之间的关联(BPA,BPF,和BPS)和AFC通过泊松回归模型和基于分位数的g计算(QGC)模型进行评估,分别。通过多元线性回归模型确定了暴露于双酚的潜在预测因素。
结果:调整混杂因素后,尿液中BPA浓度升高,BPF和BPS与AFC降低相关(β=-0.016;95CI:-0.025,-0.006在BPA中;β=-0.017;95CI:-0.029,-0.004在BPF中;β=-0.128;95CI:-0.197,-0.060在BPS中)。双酚混合物的分位数增加与AFC呈负相关(β=-0.101;95CI:-0.173,-0.030)。摄入油炸食品有较高的尿BPF浓度,BPS,和总双酚(∑BPs)比没有吃的妇女,年龄与尿BPF浓度升高有关。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,暴露于个体BPA,BPF,BPS和双酚混合物与卵巢储备功能受损有关。此外,油炸食物的摄入量,正如在这项研究中确定的那样,可以作为育龄女性的重要双酚暴露途径。
BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have suggested exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and its alternatives, such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), may exert adverse effects on ovarian reserve, but human evidence is limited. Moreover, the potential predictors of exposure to bisphenols among women seeking infertility treatment have not been reported.
OBJECTIVE: To explore whether individual or mixture of BPA, BPF, and BPS were related to antral follicle count (AFC), and further identify the predictors of exposure to bisphenols among women seeking assisted reproductive treatment.
METHODS: A total of 111 women from a reproductive center in Shenyang,
China were enrolled in this study from September 2020 to February 2021. The concentrations of urinary BPA, BPF, and BPS were measured using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadruple mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). AFC was measured by two infertility physicians through transvaginal ultrasonography on the 2-5 days of a natural cycle. Demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and lifestyles were obtained by questionnaires. The associations between individual and mixture of urinary bisphenols concentrations (BPA, BPF, and BPS) and AFC were assessed by the Poisson regression models and the quantile-based g-computation (QGC) model, respectively. The potential predictors of exposure to bisphenols were identified by the multivariate linear regression models.
RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, elevated urinary concentrations of BPA, BPF and BPS were associated with reduced AFC (β = -0.016; 95%CI: -0.025, -0.006 in BPA; β = -0.017; 95%CI: -0.029, -0.004 in BPF; β = -0.128; 95%CI: -0.197, -0.060 in BPS). A quantile increase in the bisphenols mixture was negatively associated with AFC (β = -0.101; 95%CI: -0.173, -0.030). Intake of fried food had higher urinary concentrations of BPF, BPS, and total bisphenols (∑BPs) than women who did not eat, and age was related to increased urinary BPF concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that exposure to individual BPA, BPF, BPS and bisphenol mixtures were associated with impaired ovarian reserve. Furthermore, the intake of fried food, as identified in this study, could serve as an important bisphenols exposure route for reproductive-aged women.