通过多变量分析研究了环丙沙星(CIP)在部分硝化和厌氧氨氧化生物膜系统中的影响,专注于大小分馏的有机成分。10μg/L的CIP剂量没有抑制总氮(TN)的去除效率,即使抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的丰度(即,qnrD,qnrB,qnrA,qnrS,和arcA)升高。然而,逐渐升高的CIP剂量高达100μg/L,抑制了TN的去除效率,而ARGs的丰度仍在增加。此外,在470μg/LCIP时,TN去除效率和丰富的ARGs均下降。随着CIP剂量从0增加到100μg/L,高分子量(MW)组分(14,000至87,000Da;1000至14,000Da)和腐殖质/富里酸样成分在可溶性胞外聚合物(HSS)中的丰度降低,低分子量(84-1000Da;小于84Da)级分和可溶性细胞外聚合物(SMPS)中可溶性微生物副产物的增加更多。持续增加CIP剂量至470μg/L,注意到这些有机成分的变化趋势相反,随着微生物多样性和丰富性的明显减少,以及负责脱氮的关键功能基因的丰度。功能基因amoA(与氨氧化细菌有关)的优势更明显,分子量较低的SMPS分布较多,分子量较高的HSS分布较少,以及聚合物分解微生物,例如苔藓杆菌科和未分类的蛇形螺旋体。
The impact of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in the partial nitrification and anammox biofilm system was investigated by multivariate analysis, focusing on size-fractionated organic components. The CIP dose of 10 μg/L did not inhibit the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency, even though the abundance of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) (i.e., qnrD, qnrB, qnrA, qnrS, and arcA) was elevated. However, a gradual higher CIP dosing up to 100 μg/L inhibited the TN removal efficiency, while the abundance of ARGs was still increased. Moreover, both the TN removal efficiency and the abundant ARGs were dwindled at 470 μg/L of CIP. As the CIP dose increased from 0 to 100 μg/L, the abundance of high molecular weight (MW) fractions (14,000 to 87,000 Da; 1000 to 14,000 Da) and humic/fulvic acid-like components in the soluble extracellular polymeric substances (HSS) decreased, with more increases of low MW (84-1000 Da; less than 84 Da) fractions and soluble microbial by-products in soluble extracellular polymeric substances (SMPS). Continuously increasing the CIP dose till 470 μg/L, an inverse trend of the changes of these organic components was noted, along with clear reductions of the microbial diversity and richness, and the abundance of key functional genes responsible for nitrogen removal. The predominance of functional gene amoA (related with ammonia oxidizing bacteria) was more significantly with more distribution of SMPS with relatively low MW and less distribution of HSS with relatively high MW, as well as polymer decomposing microorganisms such as Bryobacteraceae and the unclassified Saprospirales.