BACKGROUND: Guillain‒Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory peripheral neuropathy caused by autoimmunity. Gangliosides and sulfatides are important components of peripheral nerves. Anti-sulfatide antibody-mediated complement is associated with acute sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy in GBS, which is characterized by pain and paresthesias.
METHODS: The child was a 7-year-old girl with headache and abdominal pain, followed by limb numbness and pain. Cranial imaging showed ventricular dilatation, peripheral nerve function conduction examination showed polyradiculopathy, and cerebrospinal fluid tests showed normal cell counts but elevated protein levels, all of which led to the diagnosis of GBS. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (400 mg/kg × 5 days), the symptoms did not improve, and muscle strength progressively worsened, accompanied by paroxysmal complexion flushing, heart rate fluctuation, hyperhidrosis, and a progressive increase in cerebrospinal fluid protein (up to 3780.1 mg/L). On the basis of these findings combined with serum anti-sulfatide IgM positivity, anti-sulfatide antibody-related GBS was considered, and treatment with low-dose prednisolone (1 mg/kg/d) led to symptom improvement.
CONCLUSIONS: Anti-sulfatide antibody-associated GBS is associated with small fiber peripheral neuropathy. The main manifestations are pain, paresthesias and autonomic dysfunction. In addition to the dysfunction of spinal nerve root absorption caused by increased cerebrospinal fluid protein, autonomic dysfunction may be involved in pain. When the therapeutic effect of immunoglobulin is not satisfactory, a low dose and short course of corticosteroids can be considered, and the prognosis is good.

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (EMZL), also known as MALT lymphoma, is an extranodal multiorgan-invasive proliferative lymphoma composed of small B cells with variable morphology. It most commonly occurs in the digestive tract, with a high prevalence in the stomach, but EMZL originating in the small intestine is rare and lacks specificity in clinical manifestations, which makes it easy to be misdiagnosed. Herein, we report a rare case of small intestinal EMZL presentation as intussusception in a 32-year-old man. A colonoscopy performed at the local hospital revealed a pedicled polyp about 5 cm × 5 cm in size with a rough surface, and hyperemia was seen in the ileocecal region. He was admitted to our hospital for a polypectomy. A contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) scan suggested ileocolic intussusception, which was subsequently confirmed by a colonoscopy in our hospital. Adult intussusception is relatively rare, with 90% of cases having a known causative mechanism and 40% of cases caused by primary or secondary malignancies. Therefore, we performed a laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy for the patient. The resected specimen showed that the terminal ileum was intussuscepted into the ascending colon, and the intussusception was hyperemia and edema. A 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm × 1.5 cm mass was seen at the end of the intussusception. Postoperative pathology revealed that the mass was EMZL, partially transformed into a large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was transferred to the hematology department and completed a PET-CT showing postoperative manifestations of primary intestinal lymphoma, Lugano staging IE2. Although EMZL was an indolent lymphoma and the patient was in the early stages, the rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) regimen was given in view of the histological transformation. The patient is in regular follow-up. This was a rare case of small intestinal mass due to EMZL presented as intussusception in adults, which highlighted laparoscopic-assisted enterectomy as a potential therapeutic approach in the multidisciplinary collaborative therapy of small intestine EMZL.

This editorial presents an analysis of an article recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases. Kawasaki disease (KD) is a well-known pediatric vasculitis characterized by fever, rash, conjunctivitis, oral mucosal changes, and swelling of the extremities. This editorial aims to delve into the intricate relationship between KD and abdominal pain, drawing insights from recent research findings to provide a comprehensive understanding and potential avenues for future investigation.

Plasmodium falciparum malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection, is an Anopheles mosquito-transmitted infectious diseases, which predominantly occurs in tropical areas of Africa. P. falciparum malaria is characterized by complex and atypical clinical manifestations, and high likelihood of misdiagnosis and missing diagnosis, and may be life-threatening if treated untimely. This case report presents the diagnosis and treatment of a P. falciparum malaria case with acute abdominal pain as the first symptom.
［摘要］ 恶性疟是由恶性疟原虫感染所致的虫媒传染性疾病, 高发于非洲热带地区。该病表现复杂且不典型, 临床上易误诊漏诊, 若不及时治疗, 可危及患者生命。本研究报道了 1 例以急性腹痛为首发症状的胃肠型恶性疟病例的诊治过程。.

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Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of oblique vaginal septum syndrome (OVSS). Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with OVSS admitted to The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2005 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the classification system of OVSS proposed by Female Genital Anomalies Study Group, Chinese Obstetricians and Gynecologists Association in 2021, the patients were divided into four groups. The clinical manifestations, accompanied urinary system abnormalities, diagnosis and treatment methods and treatment outcomes were observed. Results: According to the above classification system, among the 80 patients with OVSS, 35 patients (44%, 35/80) were categorized as type Ⅰ, 33 patients (41%, 33/80) were categorized as type Ⅱ, 2 patients (3%, 2/80) were categorized as type Ⅲ and 10 patients (13%, 10/80) were categorized as type Ⅳ. The main onset symptom of patients was periodic abdominal pain (70%, 56/80), vaginal bleeding (20%, 16/80), dysuria or fecal impaction (15%, 12/80), vaginal mucopurulent discharge (10%, 8/80). The morbidity of combined urinary system abnormalities was 88% (70/80), and the most common urinary system abnormality was ipsilateral renal agenesis (81%, 65/80). Bilateral kidneys were normal in 13% (10/80) patients, and 6% (5/80) were combined with other urinary system abnormalities. A total of 74 patients underwent vaginal oblique septectomy or septum excision. Five of the 10 patients with type Ⅳ underwent hysterectomy on the cervical atresia side, 4 patients received hysteroscopy combined with cervicoplasty+oblique septotomy or septum excision, and one patient selected delayed menstruation. Two patients underwent laparoscopic resection of the dysplasia kidney and ectopic ureter which opening to the vagina. Eleven patients with endometriosis cyst, hydrosalpinx or empyema underwent laparoscopic surgery. Conclusions: The main symptom of type Ⅰ and Ⅳ patients is abdominal pain, while the main symptom of type Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients is bleeding. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has advantages in the evaluation of complex OVSS, and MRI is recommended before operation to exclude other axial reproductive tract dysplasia and complex urinary system dysplasia. If there is leakage of urine, vaginal discharge or complex deformity, it is necessary to multidisciplinary discussion and formulate a reasonable surgical plan. The first treatment is related to the prognosis of patients especially children, and should be highly valued.
目的： 探讨阴道斜隔综合征患者的临床特征和诊疗方案。 方法： 回顾性分析2005年7月至2023年7月于河北医科大学第二医院就诊的80例阴道斜隔综合征患者的临床资料。阴道斜隔综合征根据我国2021年专家共识的分型方法分为4型；分析总结患者的临床表现、合并泌尿系统发育异常、诊疗方式及治疗结局。 结果： 80例阴道斜隔综合征患者的分型为：Ⅰ型35例（44%，35/80），Ⅱ型33例（41%，33/80），Ⅲ型2例（3%，2/80），Ⅳ型10例（13%，10/80）。80例患者的就诊原因主要为周期性下腹痛（70%，56/80）、阴道淋漓流血（20%，16/80）、排尿排便困难（15%，12/80）、阴道流脓（10%，8/80）。患者合并泌尿系统发育异常的发生率为88%（70/80），其中以阴道斜隔侧的肾缺如最为常见（81%，65/80）；6%（5/80）合并其他泌尿系统发育异常，也有13%（10/80）的患者双侧肾脏正常。80例患者中74例接受了阴道斜隔切开或切除术。10例Ⅳ型患者中，有5例接受了子宫颈闭锁侧的子宫切除术，未处理斜隔；4例患者接受了宫腹腔镜联合子宫颈成形+阴道斜隔切开或切除术；1例患者因家属要求抑制月经而延迟手术治疗。2例患者在腹腔镜下切除了异位开口的输尿管及发育不良的肾脏。11例合并卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿、输卵管积液或积脓的患者同时接受了相应的腹腔镜手术。 结论： Ⅰ型、Ⅳ型阴道斜隔综合征患者的主要症状为下腹痛，Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型患者的主要症状为阴道淋漓流血、流液。磁共振成像（MRI）检查对评估复杂的阴道斜隔综合征具有优势，术前建议行MRI检查，以除外其他轴向的生殖道发育异常以及复杂的泌尿系统发育异常。若存在漏尿、阴道流脓或复杂畸形时，需要术前完善检查，多学科讨论，制定合理的手术方案；首次处理关系患者预后，应高度重视。.

Nowadays, lead poisoning in children commonly occurs, but lead poisoning caused by the administration of Tibetan medicine is rarely reported. This report describes the diagnosis and management of lead poisoning in a 16-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and anemia with limb numbness, who had a childhood history of epilepsy and took Tibetan medicine intermittently to control the symptoms. After admission into hospital, Computed tomography showed high-density shadows in the gastrointestinal tract. Video-Electroencephalography showed no signs of seizure. Reflux esophagitis was observed in gastroscopy. And no obvious abnormalities in the colonic mucosa through colonoscopy. Bone marrow smear test showed basophilic stippling in the erythrocytes. The blood and urine lead levels of 626 and 75.9 μg/L, respectively. We therefore considered lead poisoning, and the patient improved after chelation therapy. Due to its atypical clinical manifestations, lead poisoning is easily misdiagnosed. Thus, clinicians should pay more attention to this disease. When abdominal pain, anemia, and neurological symptoms are present, the possibility of lead poisoning should be considered.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) in pregnancy is sporadic. We reported a case of a woman at 23 + 4 weeks of gestation who presented with abdominal pain. The patient underwent an ultrasound and MRI, during which a colonic mass was noted. Considering a probable incomplete intestinal obstruction, a colonoscopy, biopsy, and colonic stenting were performed by a multidisciplinary team. However, sudden hyperthermia and CT demonstrated intestinal perforation, and an emergency caesarean section and colostomy were conducted. The histological analysis confirmed moderately high-grade adenocarcinoma.