背景:天气对如何分配睡眠时间具有潜在的重要影响,在24小时内久坐的行为和身体活动。极端的天气(非常热,冷,刮风或潮湿)可能会产生不良效果,锻炼或主动运输的不安全户外环境,影响睡眠环境的舒适度,增加室内时间。这项为期13个月的前瞻性队列研究探讨了天气与24小时运动行为模式之间的关联。
方法:三百六十八名成年人(平均年龄40.2岁,SD5.9,56.8%女性)来自阿德莱德,澳大利亚,每天24小时佩戴FitbitCharge3活动追踪器,持续13个月,提供每分钟的睡眠数据,久坐的行为,轻度体力活动(LPA),以及远程收集的中等至剧烈的体力活动(MVPA)。每日天气数据包括温度,降雨,风,云和阳光。使用多水平混合效应线性回归分析(每个结果一个模型)。
结果:分析了九万八百天的数据。睡眠与最低温度呈负相关(在31.2°C的最低温度范围内,每天变化-12分钟,p=0.001)。久坐行为与最低温度呈正相关(+12分钟/天,范围=31.2oC,p=0.006)和风速(+10分钟/天,范围=36.7km/h,p<0.001),与日照呈负相关(-17分钟/天,范围=13.9h,p<0.001)。LPA与最低温度呈正相关(+11分钟/天,范围=31.2°C,p=0.002),云层覆盖(+4分钟/天,范围=八分之八,p=0.008)和日照(+17分钟/天,范围=13.9h,p<0.001),并与风速(-8分钟/天,范围=36.7km/h,p<0.001)。MVPA与日照呈正相关(+3分钟/天,范围=13.9h,p<0.001),并且与最低温度呈负相关(-13分钟/天,范围=31.2oC,p<0.001),降雨量(-3分钟/天,范围=33.2mm,p=0.006)和风速(-4分钟/天,范围=36.7km/h,p<0.001)。对于最高温度,观察到睡眠(半U型)和体力活动(倒U型)之间存在显著(p<0.05)曲线相关性,睡眠时间的减少似乎在23°C左右减慢,LPA在31℃达到峰值,MVPA在27℃达到峰值。
结论:一般来说,在极端天气下,成年人往往不太活跃,久坐不动,随着气温上升,睡眠减少。这些发现有可能为积极运动行为信息传递和干预的时间和内容提供信息。
背景:该研究在澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册(试验ID:ACTRN12619001430123)上进行了前瞻性注册。
Weather is a potentially important influence on how time is allocated to sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity across the 24-h day. Extremes of weather (very hot, cold, windy or wet) can create undesirable, unsafe outdoor environments for exercise or active transport, impact the comfort of sleeping environments, and increase time indoors. This 13-month prospective cohort
study explored associations between weather and 24-h movement behaviour patterns.
Three hundred sixty-eight adults (mean age 40.2 years, SD 5.9, 56.8% female) from Adelaide, Australia, wore Fitbit Charge 3 activity trackers 24 h a day for 13 months with minute-by-minute data on sleep, sedentary behaviour, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) collected remotely. Daily weather data included temperature, rainfall, wind, cloud and sunshine. Multi-level mixed-effects linear regression analyses (one model per outcome) were used.
Ninety thousand eight hundred one days of data were analysed. Sleep was negatively associated with minimum temperature (-12 min/day change across minimum temperature range of 31.2 °C, p = 0.001). Sedentary behaviour was positively associated with minimum temperature (+ 12 min/day, range = 31.2 oC, p = 0.006) and wind speed (+ 10 min/day, range = 36.7 km/h, p< 0.001), and negatively associated with sunshine (-17 min/day, range = 13.9 h, p < 0.001). LPA was positively associated with minimum temperature (+ 11 min/day, range = 31.2 °C, p = 0.002), cloud cover (+ 4 min/day, range = 8 eighths, p = 0.008) and sunshine (+ 17 min/day, range = 13.9 h, p < 0.001), and negatively associated with wind speed (-8 min/day, range = 36.7 km/h, p < 0.001). MVPA was positively associated with sunshine (+ 3 min/day, range = 13.9 h, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with minimum temperature (-13 min/day, range = 31.2 oC, p < 0.001), rainfall (-3 min/day, range = 33.2 mm, p = 0.006) and wind speed (-4 min/day, range = 36.7 km/h, p < 0.001). For maximum temperature, a significant (p < 0.05) curvilinear association was observed with sleep (half-U) and physical activity (inverted-U), where the decrease in sleep duration appeared to slow around 23 °C, LPA peaked at 31 oC and MVPA at 27 °C.
Generally, adults tended to be less active and more sedentary during extremes of weather and sleep less as temperatures rise. These findings have the potential to inform the timing and content of positive movement behaviour messaging and interventions.
The
study was prospectively registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical
Trial Registry (
Trial ID: ACTRN12619001430123).