目的:概述兽医学中的用药错误(ME),专注于麻醉期间;将兽医学中的ME与人类麻醉实践进行比较,并描述导致中小企业风险的因素和减少错误的策略。
方法:PubMedandCABabstracts;searchterms:[(\"patientsafety\"or\"medicationerror*\")andveterin*].
结论:人麻醉被认为具有相对较高的MEs风险。在兽医学中,MES是最常报告的医疗错误之一。人和兽医麻醉中MES的诱发因素包括一般(例如分心,疲劳,工作量,监督)和特定因素(例如,体重给药时剂量计算的要求,在短时间内使用几种药物并提前准备注射器)。关于中小企业的数据最常收集在自我报告系统中,这很可能低估了真实的发病率,人类医学中公认的问题。病例报告描述了麻醉期间的各种ME,包括处方,准备和管理错误。狗和猫是最常被报道的物种,与狗相比,猫中的MEs更常见于有害结果。除了教育和提高认识,描述的降低中小企业风险的其他策略包括行为,通信,identification,组织,工程和认知辅助。
OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of medication errors (MEs) in veterinary medicine, with a focus on the perianesthetic period; to compare MEs in veterinary medicine with human anesthesia practice, and to describe factors contributing to the risk of MEs and strategies for error reduction.
METHODS: PubMed and CAB abstracts; search terms: [(\"patient safety\" or \"medication error∗\") AND veterin∗].
CONCLUSIONS: Human anesthesia is recognized as having a relatively high risk of MEs. In veterinary medicine, MEs were among the most commonly reported medical error. Predisposing factors for MEs in human and veterinary anesthesia include general (e.g. distraction, fatigue, workload, supervision) and specific factors (e.g. requirement for dose calculations when dosing for body mass, using several medications within a short time period and preparing syringes ahead of time). Data on MEs are most commonly collected in self-reporting systems, which very likely underestimate the true incidence, a problem acknowledged in human medicine. Case reports have described a variety of MEs in the perianesthetic period, including prescription, preparation and administration errors. Dogs and cats were the most frequently reported species, with MEs in cats more commonly associated with harmful outcomes compared with dogs. In addition to education and raising awareness, other strategies described for reducing the risk of MEs include behavioral, communication, identification, organizational, engineering and cognitive aids.