裸露的无保护皮肤暴露于太阳辐射可能导致许多急性和慢性不良影响。证据表明水飞蓟素,水飞蓟草的标准化提取物(L.)Gaertn。种子,水飞蓟宾及其主要成分抑制UVB引起的皮肤损伤。这里,我们的目的是研究水飞蓟素的不太丰富的黄酮木脂素的UVA保护作用,特别是异飞蓟宾(ISB),水飞蓟宾(SC),水飞蓟素(SD),和2,3-脱氢甲硅烷基(DHSB)。然后使用太阳模拟器将用黄酮木脂素预处理1小时的正常人真皮成纤维细胞(NHDF)暴露于UVA光。它们对活性氧(ROS)的影响,羰基化蛋白质和谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平,caspase-3活性,单链断裂(SSB)的形成和基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)的蛋白质水平,血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1),并对热休克蛋白(HSP70)进行评价。DHSB发现了最明显的预防潜力,水飞蓟素的次要成分,SC,水飞蓟素中第二丰富的黄酮木脂素。它们对大多数研究参数有显著影响。同时,SC的光保护作用主要是在DHSB浓度的两倍时发现的。ISB和SD可防止GSH消耗,ROS的产生,羰基化的蛋白质和SSB,和caspase-3激活,但对MMP-1、HO-1或HSP70无显著影响。总之,DHSB和较小程度的其他水飞蓟素黄酮木脂素是有效的UVA保护性化合物。然而,由于DHSB在其他地方发表的体外光毒性潜力,需要进一步的研究来排除对人类的光毒性,并确认我们在体外和体内人体皮肤上的结果。
The exposure of naked unprotected skin to solar radiation may result in numerous acute and chronic undesirable effects. Evidence suggests that silymarin, a standardized extract from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. seeds, and its major component silybin suppress UVB-induced skin damage. Here, we aimed to investigate the
UVA-protective effects of silymarin\'s less abundant flavonolignans, specifically isosilybin (ISB), silychristin (SC), silydianin (SD), and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHSB). Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) pre-treated for 1 h with flavonolignans were then exposed to
UVA light using a solar simulator. Their effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbonylated proteins and glutathione (GSH) level, caspase-3 activity, single-strand breaks\' (SSBs) formation and protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and heat shock protein (HSP70) were evaluated. The most pronounced preventative potential was found for DHSB, a minor component of silymarin, and SC, the second most abundant flavonolignan in silymarin. They had significant effects on most of the studied parameters. Meanwhile, a photoprotective effect of SC was mostly found at double the concentration of DHSB. ISB and SD protected against GSH depletion, the generation of ROS, carbonylated proteins and SSBs, and caspase-3 activation, but had no significant effect on MMP-1, HO-1, or HSP70. In summary, DHSB and to a lesser extent other silymarin flavonolignans are potent
UVA-protective compounds. However, due to the in vitro phototoxic potential of DHSB published elsewhere, further studies are needed to exclude phototoxicity for humans as well as to confirm our results on human skin ex vivo and in vivo.