医护人员(HCWs)是感染和死于COVID-19的高危人群之一。世界卫生组织估计,非洲有超过10,000名医务人员感染了COVID-19,使其成为对医务人员的重大职业健康危害。在加纳,超过100名HCWs已经被感染,另有12人死于该病毒。因此,COVID-19疫苗的可接受性和摄取对于促进HCWs的健康和安全至关重要,因为该国正在努力摆脱第三波大流行。
该研究试图确定HCWs参与COVID-19疫苗试验并在有机会时接受疫苗的可能性。
这项研究是对加纳所有十六(16)个行政区的HCWs(n=1605)进行的基于网络的横断面调查。用STATA统计分析软件(版本14)分析数据。卡方(X2)和Fisher精确检验用于检验分类变量的差异;采用具有平均边际效应(AME)的双变量概率回归分析来确定HCWs参加COVID-19疫苗试验和接种疫苗的可能性的决定因素。
研究发现,如果有机会,48%的医护人员会参加COVID-19疫苗试验;70%的医护人员会接受COVID-19疫苗;年轻的医护人员(AME=0.28,SE=0.16,p<0.1),非基督徒(AME=21,SE=0.09,p<0.05)和在信仰医疗机构工作的人(AME=18,SE=0.07,p<0.05)更有可能参加COVID-19疫苗试验。女性HCWs(AME=-11,SE=0.04,p<0.05)和受教育程度较低的女性不太可能接受COVID-19疫苗(AME=-0.16,SE=0.08,p<0.1)。不愿意参加COVID-19疫苗试验或接种疫苗的原因主要是恐惧,安全问题,不信任,不确定性,精神和宗教信仰。
医护人员对COVID-19疫苗的接受度似乎很高;相反,自愿参加疫苗试验的意愿较低.随着加纳加大在当地生产COVID-19疫苗的力度,持续有针对性的综合性公共卫生教育将提高疫苗的可接受性,以促进全球南部地区的安全和人口健康。
Health care workers (HCWs) are among the high-risk groups in contracting and dying from COVID-19. World Health Organization estimates that over 10,000 HCWs in Africa have been infected with COVID-19 making it a significant occupational health hazard to HCWs. In Ghana, over 100 HCWs have already been infected and dozen others died from the virus. Acceptability and
uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is therefore critical to promote health and safety of HCWs as the country battles out of a third wave of the pandemic.
The study sought to ascertain the correlates of HCWs likelihood of participating in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and accepting the vaccine when given the opportunity.
The study was a web-based cross-sectional survey among HCWs (n = 1605) in all sixteen (16) administrative regions in Ghana. Data were analyzed with STATA statistical analysis software (version 14). Chi-square (X2) and Fisher\'s exact tests were used to test for differences in categorical variables; bivariate probit regression analysis with Average Marginal Effect (AME) was employed to ascertain the determinants of HCWs\' likelihood of participating in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and taking the vaccine.
It was found that 48% of HCWs will participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial when given the opportunity; 70% will accept the COVID-19 vaccine; younger HCWs (AME = 0.28, SE = 0.16, p < 0.1), non-Christians (AME = 21, SE = 0.09, p < 0.05) and those who worked in faith-based health facilities (AME = 18, SE = 0.07, p < 0.05) were more likely to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial. Female HCWs (AME = - 11, SE = 0.04, p < 0.05) and those with lower educational qualification were less likely to accept a COVID-19 vaccine (AME = - 0.16, SE = 0.08, p < 0.1). Reasons cited for unwillingness to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial or
uptake the vaccine were mainly fear, safety concerns, mistrust, uncertainty, spiritual and religious beliefs.
Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine appear to be high among HCWs; conversely, willingness to volunteer for the vaccine trial was low. Continuous targeted and integrated public health education for HCWs will enhance vaccine acceptability to promote safety and population health in the global south as Ghana intensifies efforts to produce COVID-19 vaccines locally.