脂肪组织产生多种生物活性化合物,包括细胞因子,生长因子和脂肪因子。脂肪因子是重要的,因为它们作为与各种代谢和生殖疾病相关的内分泌激素起作用。这篇综述的目的是总结乙酰肝素的作用,一种最近发现的脂肪因子,并将其在卵巢类固醇生成中的作用与包括脂联素在内的其他脂肪因子进行比较,瘦素,抵抗素,apelin,visfatin,chemerin,irisin,和gremlin1。这些脂肪因子在人类中的浓度总结,大鼠和其他动物将帮助研究人员确定合适的剂量,以便在未来的研究中进行测试。文献综述表明,在卵泡膜细胞(Tc)中,asprosin增加雄烯二酮的产生,当与FSH混合时,会增加颗粒细胞(Gc)中雌二醇的产生。相比之下,其他脂肪因子(1)刺激Gc雌二醇的产生,但抑制Tc雄激素的产生(脂联素),(2)抑制Gc雌二醇的产生和Tc雄烯二酮的产生(瘦素和chemerin),(3)抑制Gc类固醇生成,对Tc(抵抗素)没有影响,(4)抑制Gc雌二醇的产生,但刺激Tc雄激素的产生(gremlin1),和(5)通过Gc增加类固醇分泌,对Tc类固醇生成(apelin和visfatin)的影响未知。Irisin对Gc有直接影响,但其确切作用(抑制性或刺激性)可能是物种依赖性的,其对Tc的影响需要进一步研究。因此,大多数脂肪因子对卵巢细胞中类固醇的产生有直接作用(阳性或阴性),但是它们如何共同产生累积效应或疾病还需要进一步的研究。
Adipose tissues produce a variety of biologically active compounds, including cytokines, growth factors and adipokines. Adipokines are important as they function as endocrine hormones that are related to various metabolic and reproductive diseases. The goal of this
review was to summarise the role of asprosin, a recently discovered adipokine, and compare its role in ovarian steroidogenesis with that of other adipokines including adiponectin, leptin, resistin, apelin, visfatin, chemerin, irisin, and gremlin 1. The summary of concentrations of these adipokines in humans, rats and other animals will help researchers identify appropriate doses to test in future studies.
Review of the literature indicated that asprosin increases androstenedione production in theca cells (Tc), and when cotreated with FSH increases oestradiol production in granulosa cells (Gc). In comparison, other adipokines (1) stimulate Gc oestradiol production but inhibit Tc androgen production (adiponectin), (2) inhibit Gc oestradiol production and Tc androstenedione production (leptin and chemerin), (3) inhibit Gc steroidogenesis with no effect on Tc (resistin), (4) inhibit Gc oestradiol production but stimulate Tc androgen production (gremlin 1), and (5) increase steroid secretion by Gc, with unknown effects on Tc steroidogenesis (apelin and visfatin). Irisin has direct effects on Gc but its precise role (inhibitory or stimulatory) may be species dependent and its effects on Tc will require additional research. Thus, most adipokines have direct effects (either positive or negative) on steroid production in ovarian cells, but how they all work together to create a cumulative effect or disease will require further research.