■在没有文献允许基于证据的方法来治疗口咽吞咽困难(OD)的患者教育(TPE),本研究旨在就OD患者及其非正式护理人员(ICGs)教育计划的能力框架内容达成专家共识.
■我们使用了德尔菲共识构建方法。招募了四类专家:12名患者,17个ICG,46名医疗保健专业人员(HCP)(在OD、不一定经过TPE认证),和19名TPE专家(受过培训的个人来建立和运行TPE计划,不一定是HCP)。第一轮(R)问卷的内容是根据范围审查的结果和专家委员会的意见确定的。我们进行了三轮。在R1和R2中,我们收集了关于相关性(7点Likert型量表)和全面性(是/否问题,并要求参与者提出其他内容)的意见。还邀请与会者对每个目标发表评论。在R3中,我们要求参与者再次就目标的相关性发表意见,并要求他们对主题从最高优先级到最低优先级进行排名。
■如果在四分位间(IQR)≤1时达成共识,并且中位数表示一致(Mdn≥6)(6=适当,7=完全合适)。经过三轮,教育计划的最终内容由23个教育目标组成,分为13个主题,所有参与者之间的相关性达成一致(Mdn≥6;IQR≤1)。全面性标准也获得了共识(IQR≤1)。参与者将主题“正常吞咽与吞咽困难”列为最高优先级。
■这项德尔菲研究达成了共识,关于OD患者及其ICG教育计划的能力框架的内容。在测试其可行性和有效性之前,需要进一步的步骤来构建基于这些目标的学习活动。
UNASSIGNED: In the absence of literature allowing for an evidence-based approach to therapeutic patient education (TPE) in Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (OD), this study aims to reach a
consensus of experts on the content of a competency framework of an educational program for OD patients and their informal caregivers (ICGs).
UNASSIGNED: We used the Delphi
consensus-building method. Four categories of experts were recruited: 12 patients, 17 ICGs, 46 healthcare professionals (HCP) (experienced in OD, not necessarily certified in TPE), and 19 experts in TPE (trained individuals to set up and run TPE programs not necessarily HCPs). The content of the questionnaire of the first round (R) was established according to the result of a scoping review and the opinion of an expert committee. We carried out three rounds. In R1 and R2, we collected the opinions on the relevance (7-point Likert-type scale) and on comprehensiveness (YES/No question and asking participants to propose additional content). Participants were also invited to leave comments on each objective. In R3, we asked the participants to give their opinion about the relevance of the objectives again and asked them to rank the themes from highest to lowest priority.
UNASSIGNED: Objectives were considered relevant for all participants if they reached
consensus when the interquartile (IQR) ≤ 1, and if the median indicated agreement (Mdn ≥ 6) (6= appropriate, 7 = totally appropriate). Following three rounds, the final content of the educational program is composed of 23 educational objectives organized in 13 themes with an agreement about relevance amongst all participants (Mdn ≥ 6; IQR ≤ 1). The comprehensiveness criterion received also a
consensus (IQR ≤ 1). The participants ranked the theme \"normal swallowing vs difficulty swallowing\" as the highest priority.
UNASSIGNED: This Delphi study resulted in a
consensus, on the content of a competency framework of an educational program for OD patients and their ICGs. Further steps are needed to construct learning activities based on these objectives before testing their feasibility and efficacy.