UNASSIGNED: Supravesical hernias are rare internal hernias but potential cause of small-bowel obstruction. The clinical features are often non-specific, preoperative diagnosis is very difficult and is often diagnosed intraoperatively. The exact pathogenesis is unclear with the major risk factors of prematurity, a positive family history, male sex, smoking habits leading to decreased collagen production, advancing age, and conditions characterized by defective collagen synthesis.
UNASSIGNED: The authors are reporting a case of small-bowel obstruction secondary to a supravesical hernia, in a 78-year-old male presented with central abdominal pain, vomiting and obstipation. Ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis identified a marked dilation of the small-bowel loop with multiple loops of dilated jejunum and ileum in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis with lead point from the terminal ileum. Exploratory laparotomy was done with the diagnosis of left posterior a left posterior superior vesical hernia with small-bowel obstruction.
UNASSIGNED: The case focuses supravesical hernia as a rare yet life-threatening etiology of small-bowel obstruction, emphasizing the importance of clinical suspicion when patients present with signs and symptoms of bowel obstruction. While diagnosis often occurs intraoperatively, the utilization of CT scans in emergency settings can provide valuable insights into the location, potential causes, and condition of the herniated bowel sac. The case highlights the pivotal role of CT scans in diagnosis and emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary cooperation among clinicians, radiologists, and surgeons.
UNASSIGNED: Early intervention ensures better outcomes and prevents irreversible bowel damage, underscoring the importance of a comprehensive approach to patient care.

External supravesical hernias with ovarian incarceration have not been reported previously. Here, we describe transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair of an external supravesical hernia with ovarian incarceration. A 68-year-old woman presented to our outpatient clinic with the chief complaint of right inguinal swelling and pain. A 3-cm-diameter mass in the right inguinal region that was difficult to reduce was palpable, and computed tomography (CT) revealed a suspicious lesion of the right hydrocele of the canal of Nuck. Hydrocelectomy was performed through an inguinal incision, and the external inguinal ring was repaired using the Marcy method. The histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of the canal of Nuck. Three months postoperatively, the patient again presented with right inguinal pain, and CT revealed a right femoral hernia requiring surgical repair. Intraoperative findings revealed a right external supravesical hernia with an incarcerated ovary, which was laparoscopically reduced and repaired with a mesh. At the three-month follow-up, there were no postoperative complications or recurrences. Incarcerated ovaries with inguinal hernias have been reported in girls; however, incarcerated ovaries with external supravesical hernias have not been reported in women. Although the preoperative diagnosis was difficult to make in this case, the laparoscopic approach led to the diagnosis and successful mesh repair. Although optimal mesh repair of external supravesical hernias using TAPP has not been established, we believe that 2-5 cm around the hernial orifice, the Hesselbach triangle, and the lateral triangle should be covered with mesh.

BACKGROUND: Internal supravesical hernia is one of the rarest types of inguinal hernia. The hernial orifice is surrounded by the transverse vesical fold, median umbilical fold, and medial umbilical fold.
METHODS: A 75-year-old male presented with lower abdominal pain and nausea. Plain abdominal CT showed that the bladder was suppressed by small bowel near the left internal inguinal ring. A part of the small bowel wall seemed to be inlaid, and so the patient was diagnosed with a strangulated left inguinal hernia. The hernia repair operation was performed via the anterior approach. There was no internal hernial sac found, but there was a walnut-sized mass in the properitoneal space. A diagnosis was made intraoperatively of internal supravesical hernia with strangulated small bowel. Small bowel resection and hernial orifice closure were performed.
CONCLUSIONS: Although internal supravesical hernia can present with distinctive CT findings, preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. Internal supravesical hernia in previous reports has been repaired via open laparotomy or laparoscopic surgery; however, we successfully repaired this intraoperatively-diagnosed internal supravesical hernia by the anterior approach alone.
CONCLUSIONS: The patient with internal supravesical hernia diagnosed intraoperatively could be treated via the anterior approach alone successfully. Depending on the situation, the anterior approach can be an option.

BACKGROUND: Supravesical hernia is an exceptional subtype of internal inguinal hernia, and it is located between the median umbilical ligament and the medial umbilical ligament. The hernia is classified as two types: internal supravesical hernia and external supravesical hernia.
METHODS: Herein we report a rare case of external supravesical hernia successfully treated by laparoscopic procedure. The patient who complained right inguinal protrusion and mild frequent urination was diagnosed as right inguinal hernia and potential of left inguinal hernia using computed tomography. He underwent laparoscopic bilateral hernia repair, and intraoperative findings revealed right external supravesical hernia and left internal inguinal hernia.
CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic hernia repair may make it possible to avoid overlooking of internal hernia such as supravesical hernia. Moreover it was possible to cover the hernia orifice and dissected layer of the dorsal site of urine bladder using bilateral approach in the current case.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusions, laparoscopic hernia repair might be a surgical option for supravesical hernia.