suicidal

自杀
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    前刺柏是一种属于豆科植物的观赏植物。它含有毒素白蛋白,叫Abrin,在它的所有部分。然而,种子以压碎的形式食用时毒性更大。因葡萄籽中毒而死亡的情况很少见。我们正在报告一例37岁女性自杀摄入压碎的前科瑞斯种子的案例。她向医院提出了多次呕吐和腹泻的投诉。她用液体推注复苏,然后洗胃和活性炭,提到了我们的三级医院,她带着头晕的表情,腹痛,血性腹泻,和上腹压痛.在随后的日子里,她产生了改变的感觉,肾功能衰竭,和电解质不平衡。她被保守地管理。血液检查显示白细胞计数升高,尿素和肌酐水平升高,和肝酶升高。她在摄取种子五天后死亡。在尸检检查中,脑和肺充血和水肿。腹膜腔含有约500mL的稻草色液体。肺部出现瘀斑出血,心,和肝脏表面。胃肠道粘膜出血性,肝脏显示脂肪变性,肾脏显示出皮质髓质交界处的充血和模糊。组织病理学,肺部显示轻度充血伴肺泡水肿,肝脏显示坏死伴脂肪变性,肾脏表现为急性肾小管坏死。毒理学筛查为abrin阳性。这种情况不仅突显了abrusprecatorius中毒后的罕见死亡,而且还突显了该植物的毒性。
    Abrus precatorius is an ornamental plant that belongs to the Leguminoceae family. It contains toxalbumin, named abrin, in all of its parts. However, the seeds are more toxic when consumed in crushed form. Deaths due to abrus seed poisoning are rare. We are reporting a case of suicidal ingestion of crushed abrus precatorius seeds by a 37-year-old female. She presented to the hospital with complaints of multiple episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. She was resuscitated with fluid boluses, followed by a stomach wash and activated charcoal, and referred to our tertiary hospital, where she presented with giddiness, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and epigastric tenderness. On subsequent days, she developed altered sensorium, renal failure, and electrolyte imbalance. She was managed conservatively. Blood investigation revealed elevated leucocyte count, increased urea and creatinine levels, and elevated liver enzymes. She died five days after ingesting the seeds. On autopsy examination, the brain and lungs were congested and edematous. The peritoneal cavity contained around 500mL of straw-colored fluid. Petechial hemorrhages were present over the lungs, heart, and liver surfaces. The mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract was hemorrhagic, the liver showed steatosis, and the kidneys showed congestion and obscuration of the corticomedullary junction. Histopathologically, the lungs showed mild congestion with alveolar edema, the liver showed necrosis with steatosis, and the kidney showed acute tubular necrosis. The toxicology screening was positive for abrin. This case highlights not only the rare fatality following abrus precatorius poisoning but also the toxic nature of this plant.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    背景:数字表型在临床研究中的应用已广泛增加;然而,很少有研究对自杀风险检测实施被动评估方法。一种新形式的数字表型有很大的潜力,称为屏幕组学,它通过屏幕截图捕获智能手机活动。
    目的:本文集中于对2名过去1个月主动自杀意念的参与者进行全面的病例回顾,详细说明他们的被动(即,通过屏幕组学截图捕获获得)和主动(即,通过生态瞬时评估[EMA]获得)的风险概况,最终导致自杀危机和随后的精神病住院。通过这种分析,我们揭示了住院前风险过程的时间尺度,以及介绍了屏幕组学在自杀研究领域的新应用。
    方法:为了强调屏幕组学在理解自杀风险方面的潜在益处,该分析集中于从住院前的屏幕截图-文本捕获中收集的特定类型的数据,以及自我报告的EMA反应。经过全面的基线评估,参与者完成了密集的时间采样期。在此期间,每5秒收集一次截图,而一个人的手机在使用35天,和EMA数据每天收集6次,共28天。在我们的分析中,我们专注于以下方面:与自杀有关的内容(通过屏幕截图和EMA获得),与自杀风险相关的风险因素在理论和实证上(通过截图和EMA获得),和社交内容(通过截图获得)。
    结果:我们的分析揭示了几个关键发现。首先,自杀危机期间EMA依从性显著下降,两名参与者在住院前几天完成的EMA较少。这与导致住院的电话使用量总体增加形成鲜明对比,特别是社会使用的增加。Screenomics还在自杀危机的每个实例中捕获了突出的诱发因素,这些因素通过自我报告无法很好地发现,特别是身体上的痛苦和孤独。
    结论:我们的初步发现强调了被动收集数据在理解和预测自杀危机方面的潜力。每个参与者的大量屏幕截图提供了他们日常数字互动的细粒度视图,揭示了不能单独通过自我报告捕捉到的新风险。当与EMA评估相结合时,屏幕组学提供了一个更全面的观点,一个人的心理过程在时间导致自杀危机。
    BACKGROUND: Digital phenotyping has seen a broad increase in application across clinical research; however, little research has implemented passive assessment approaches for suicide risk detection. There is a significant potential for a novel form of digital phenotyping, termed screenomics, which captures smartphone activity via screenshots.
    OBJECTIVE: This paper focuses on a comprehensive case review of 2 participants who reported past 1-month active suicidal ideation, detailing their passive (ie, obtained via screenomics screenshot capture) and active (ie, obtained via ecological momentary assessment [EMA]) risk profiles that culminated in suicidal crises and subsequent psychiatric hospitalizations. Through this analysis, we shed light on the timescale of risk processes as they unfold before hospitalization, as well as introduce the novel application of screenomics within the field of suicide research.
    METHODS: To underscore the potential benefits of screenomics in comprehending suicide risk, the analysis concentrates on a specific type of data gleaned from screenshots-text-captured prior to hospitalization, alongside self-reported EMA responses. Following a comprehensive baseline assessment, participants completed an intensive time sampling period. During this period, screenshots were collected every 5 seconds while one\'s phone was in use for 35 days, and EMA data were collected 6 times a day for 28 days. In our analysis, we focus on the following: suicide-related content (obtained via screenshots and EMA), risk factors theoretically and empirically relevant to suicide risk (obtained via screenshots and EMA), and social content (obtained via screenshots).
    RESULTS: Our analysis revealed several key findings. First, there was a notable decrease in EMA compliance during suicidal crises, with both participants completing fewer EMAs in the days prior to hospitalization. This contrasted with an overall increase in phone usage leading up to hospitalization, which was particularly marked by heightened social use. Screenomics also captured prominent precipitating factors in each instance of suicidal crisis that were not well detected via self-report, specifically physical pain and loneliness.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary findings underscore the potential of passively collected data in understanding and predicting suicidal crises. The vast number of screenshots from each participant offers a granular look into their daily digital interactions, shedding light on novel risks not captured via self-report alone. When combined with EMA assessments, screenomics provides a more comprehensive view of an individual\'s psychological processes in the time leading up to a suicidal crisis.
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    文章类型: Case Reports
    BACKGROUND: The coronavirus pandemic is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While physical recovery has been made a priority, the psychological wellbeing of recovered patients is not receiving the attention it deserves.
    METHODS: We present the case of a 27-year-old male who developed severe depression associated with anxiety and suicidal ideations two weeks after full recovery from COVID- 19 infection. Significant somatization was also present at the onset which he misattributed to a recurrence of the infection. He was admitted for in-patient psychiatric care and fully recovered after six weeks of medication and psychotherapy.
    CONCLUSIONS: Infection with the virus is a psychologically distressing experience that can trigger mental disorders in vulnerable individuals. Our report highlights the mental health needs of all COVID-19 patients and the need for psychological evaluation in the post-recovery period.
    BACKGROUND: La pandémie de coronavirus est associée àmorbidité et mortalité importantes. Pendant la récupération physiquea été fait une priorité, le bien-être psychologique deles patients rétablis ne reçoivent pas l’attention qu’ils méritent.
    UNASSIGNED: Nous présentons le cas d’un jeune homme de 27 anshomme qui a développé une dépression sévère associée à l’anxiétéet les idées suicidaires deux semaines après le rétablissement complet de la COVID-19 infection. Une somatisation importante était également présente à l’apparition qu’il a attribuée à tort à une récurrence de l’infection.Il a été admis pour des soins psychiatriques hospitaliers et completsrécupéré après six semaines de médicaments et de psychothérapie.
    CONCLUSIONS: L’infection par le virus est une atteinte psychologiqueexpérience pénible qui peut déclencher des troubles mentaux dansles personnes vulnérables. Notre rapport met en lumière la santé mentaleles besoins de tous les patients atteints de la COVID-19 et le besoin deévaluation dans la période post-rétablissement.
    UNASSIGNED: Anxiété, Dépression, Suicidaire, COVID-19, Nigéria.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is an autosomal recessive disorder that presents with palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and childhood-onset progressive loss of all dentition. Mental retardation is the only neurodevelopmental disorder reported with this condition till date. We report the first ever case in the literature of PLS presenting with psychotic depression and suicidal intention. A 40-year-old, never married, unemployed woman presented for psychiatric consultation and was given an International Classification of Diseases version 10 diagnosis of severe depression with psychotic symptoms. Physical examination warranted dermatological and dental evaluation before electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) could be administered. She was diagnosed with PLS and pseudoainhum by the skin and dental specialists. Karyotyping study was normal, and histopathology of the palmar tissue showed hyperkeratinization. She was treated with ECT, duloxetine and olanzapine, and she achieved full remission of her depression. She was prescribed oral retinoids and emollients for the skin disorder, and there was a good improvement. The dental prosthesis was fixed, and she was able to eat and feel better than before. Early diagnosis of this condition and rehabilitation would be important in improving wellbeing.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    精神病护理中的自杀预防可以说是复杂的,并且不完全理解为患者安全问题。弹性医疗保健方法提供了通过了解日常临床实践来理解这种复杂性的观点。通过包括自杀患者和医疗保健专业人员作为知识来源,可以更深入地了解什么是安全的临床实践。
    这项计划中的研究旨在采用弹性医疗保健的观点,以更深入地了解精神病住院护理中自杀患者的安全临床实践。它将描述安全临床实践的经验组件和条件以及患者安全的经验实践。该研究将采用描述性案例研究方法,包括定性半结构化访谈和焦点小组。数据来源是自杀危机中的住院患者和临床实践中的医疗保健专业人员。
    本研究获得了区域伦理委员会(2016/34)的批准。结果将通过科学文章传播,博士论文,以及国内和国际会议。这些发现可以产生知识,以整合到挪威自杀患者的安全实践中,并提高患者安全措施的可行性。通过考虑患者和医疗保健专业人员的经验,可以得出有关安全临床实践的理论概括。因此,这项研究可以为自杀患者安全临床实践的概念发展提供信息.
    Suicide prevention in psychiatric care is arguably complex and incompletely understood as a patient safety issue. A resilient healthcare approach provides perspectives through which to understand this complexity by understanding everyday clinical practice. By including suicidal patients and healthcare professionals as sources of knowledge, a deeper understanding of what constitutes safe clinical practice can be achieved.
    This planned study aims to adopt the perspective of resilient healthcare to provide a deeper understanding of safe clinical practice for suicidal patients in psychiatric inpatient care. It will describe the experienced components and conditions of safe clinical practice and the experienced practice of patient safety. The study will apply a descriptive case study approach consisting of qualitative semistructured interviews and focus groups. The data sources are hospitalised patients in a suicidal crisis and healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
    This study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee (2016/34). The results will be disseminated through scientific articles, a PhD dissertation, and national and international conferences. These findings can generate knowledge to be integrated into the practice of safety for suicidal inpatients in Norway and to improve the feasibility of patient safety measures. Theoretical generalisations can be drawn regarding safe clinical practice by taking into account the experiences of patients and healthcare professionals. Thus, this study can inform the conceptual development of safe clinical practice for suicidal patients.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    Suicidal insulin overdoses are an under-recognized and uncommon cause of death, often relying on scene and nonspecific autopsy findings. Here, we present a case report of a fatal exogenous insulin overdose in a patient with type 1 diabetes. In our case, there were no contributory autopsy findings; however, serum analog aspart insulin levels were c. 10× the predicted therapeutic upper limit (4000, reference 6.6-55 uU/mL), which correlated with scene findings. This was specifically determined by a newly developed immunocapture liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay, able to discriminate between various synthetic insulin analogs. Total insulin levels by immunoassay were highly elevated on the Siemens Advia Centaur, but not the Roche platforms (4741 vs. 5.2 uU/mL, respectively), showing variable sensitivity of detection within the same analog depending on assay. We discuss the prevalence and features to look for at autopsy in these types of cases. Additionally, analytical options for testing insulin levels, including new methodologies, guidance on collection of samples, as well as an outline of available historical reference range data are discussed.
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