RNA定位对于调节空间翻译至关重要,其中RNA通过各种生物机制被运输到它们的目标位置。在这次审查中,我们在分子机制的背景下讨论RNA定位,实验技术和基于机器学习的预测工具。综述了控制RNA定位到不同细胞区室的三种主要分子机制。包括定向运输,保护mRNA降解,以及扩散和局部截留。实验方法的进展,基于图像和序列,提供大量数据资源,它允许设计强大的机器学习模型来预测RNA定位。我们回顾了公开可用的预测工具,作为用户的指南,并激励开发人员构建更有效的预测模型。最后,我们提供了多模态学习的概述,这可能为RNA定位的预测提供了新的途径。
RNA localization is essential for regulating spatial translation, where RNAs are trafficked to their target locations via various biological mechanisms. In this
review, we discuss RNA localization in the context of molecular mechanisms, experimental techniques and machine learning-based prediction tools. Three main types of molecular mechanisms that control the localization of RNA to distinct cellular compartments are reviewed, including directed transport, protection from mRNA degradation, as well as diffusion and local entrapment. Advances in experimental methods, both image and sequence based, provide substantial data resources, which allow for the design of powerful machine learning models to predict RNA localizations. We
review the publicly available predictive tools to serve as a guide for users and inspire developers to build more effective prediction models. Finally, we provide an overview of multimodal learning, which may provide a new avenue for the prediction of RNA localization.