重金属污染威胁着植物的生长发育和生态稳定。这里,我们综合了重金属胁迫下植物与其微生物共生体之间相互作用的最新研究,强调微生物增强植物耐受性和恢复力的机制。几个关键策略,如生物利用度改变,螯合,排毒,诱导的全身耐受,水平基因转移,甲基化和去甲基化,被检查,以及控制这些植物-微生物相互作用的遗传和分子基础。然而,植物-微生物相互作用的复杂性,再加上我们对相关机制的了解有限,在实际应用中提出了挑战。因此,这篇综述强调了更详细了解植物和微生物如何相互作用的必要性,以及使用不同科学领域的综合方法来最大限度地发挥这些微生物过程的益处的重要性。通过提高我们对重金属代谢中植物-微生物协同作用的认识,我们可以制定更有效的生物修复策略来对抗重金属对土壤的污染。
Heavy metal pollution threatens plant growth and development as well as ecological stability. Here, we synthesize current research on the interplay between plants and their microbial symbionts under heavy metal stress, highlighting the mechanisms employed by microbes to enhance plant tolerance and resilience. Several key strategies such as bioavailability alteration, chelation, detoxification, induced systemic tolerance, horizontal gene transfer, and methylation and demethylation, are examined, alongside the genetic and molecular basis governing these plant-microbe interactions. However, the complexity of plant-microbe interactions, coupled with our limited understanding of the associated mechanisms, presents challenges in their practical application. Thus, this
review underscores the necessity of a more detailed understanding of how plants and microbes interact and the importance of using a combined approach from different scientific fields to maximize the benefits of these microbial processes. By advancing our knowledge of plant-microbe synergies in the metabolism of heavy metals, we can develop more effective bioremediation strategies to combat the contamination of soil by heavy metals.