在这项研究中,壳聚糖纳米颗粒(CsNPs)被用作迷迭香超声乙醇提取物(UEERO)的纳米载体,作为一种新的纳米制剂。在这里,通过离子凝胶法在pH3(CsNPs3)和pH5(CsNPs5)下合成了CsNPs,然后是形态学的表征,尺寸,多分散指数(PDI),表面电荷,和UEERO的装载效率。对E.tenella进行体外孢子形成抑制测定(10、5、2.5、1.25、0.62、0.31、0.15、0.07、0.04、0.02和0.01mg/ml生理盐水溶液)。结果表明,游离CsNPs和UEERO-CsNPs3/5呈立方体和球形,带正电荷,平均尺寸为〜150.8nm(314.4nm)和151.7nm(321.1nm),分别。使用紫外可见分光光度计的总加载效率,在pH5时为80.05,在pH3时为64.39%。体外孢子形成抑制试验表明,UEERO,CsNPs3/5和UEERO-CsNPs3/5显示了对孢子形成的潜在抑制作用(%),墙体变形(%),和孢子囊异常(%)呈剂量依赖性。因此,浓度(10mg/ml)在UEERO中24小时后显示出最佳疗效,免费CsNP,和UEERO-CsNPs。此外,UEERO-CsNPs3和UEERO-CsNPs5在72小时后停止了孢子形成(%)。UEERO-CsNPs3和UEERO-CsNPs5以孢子形成(%)的剂量依赖性方式对E.tenella最有效,墙体变形(%),和孢子囊异常。
In this
study, chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs) were used as nanocarrier for ultrasonicated ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (UEERO) as a new nanoformulation against Eimeria tenella. Herein, CsNPs have been synthesized by ionic gelation method at pH 3 (CsNPs3) and pH 5 (CsNPs5), followed by characterization of morphology, size, polydispersity index (PDI), surface charge, and loading efficiency of UEERO. An in vitro sporulation inhibition assay (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.62, 0.31, 0.15, 0.07, 0.04, 0.02, and 0.01 mg/ml normal saline solution) against E. tenella was conducted. Results showed that free CsNPs and UEERO-CsNPs3/5 were cubic- and spherical-shaped with positive charge and average size of ~ 150.8 nm (314.4 nm) and 151.7 nm (321.1 nm), respectively. The total loading efficiency using UV-vis spectrophotometer, was 80.05 at pH 5 and 64.39% at pH 3. The in vitro sporulation inhibition assay revealed that UEERO, CsNPs3/5, and UEERO-CsNPs3/5 showed a potential inhibitory effect on sporulation (%), distortion in wall (%), and sporocyst abnormality (%) in a dose-dependent manner. Accordingly, the concentration (10 mg/ml) showed the best efficacy after 24 h in UEERO, free CsNPs, and UEERO-CsNPs. Moreover, UEERO-CsNPs3 and UEERO-CsNPs5 had stopped the sporulation (%) after 72 h. Taken all together, UEERO-CsNPs3 and UEERO-CsNPs5 are best effective against E. tenella in a dose-dependent manner in terms of sporulation (%), distortion in wall (%), and sporocysts abnormality.