背景:压力是日常生活中普遍存在的现象和现实,给身心健康带来负面影响。先前的研究表明,暴露于绿地和基于自然的干预措施是减轻压力和促进恢复的有希望的方法。然而,越来越多的人口居住在城市地区,在绿地上花费时间的机会有限。此外,城市环境通常具有增加的噪音水平,这是一个主要的环境压力源。尽管各种研究已经比较了暴露于绿地与城市建筑环境的影响,在这种情况下,噪声影响的证据非常有限。与早期研究中报告的城市建筑环境相比,暴露于绿地的心理生理益处可能较少(或至少不仅如此)由于绿地的特征而不是额外的压力源,例如城市建筑环境中的道路交通噪声。因此,以前研究中归因于绿色的影响差异也可能是由于比较设置中潜在的有害噪声影响。本文报道了一项随机的研究方案,对照干预研究,比较在森林和城市建筑环境中行走的影响,在各自的设置中考虑步行期间的道路交通噪声暴露。
方法:该协议设想了一项实地研究,采用前测-后测设计,以比较在具有不同道路交通噪声水平的城市建筑环境和森林中30分钟步行的影响。评估将包括自我报告的措施,生理数据(唾液皮质醇和皮肤电导),注意力测试,和噪音,以及绿色测量。结果将是恢复,压力,积极和消极的影响,注意,沉思,和自然连通性。
结论:结果将告知一般步行的恢复效果,暴露在不同类型的环境中,以及这些地点的不同噪音水平。该研究将提供有关步行和基于自然的干预措施的好处的见解,考虑到噪声暴露的潜在有害影响。因此,这将有助于更好地理解低门槛干预措施,以防止压力和促进福祉。
背景:ISRCTN48943261;注册23.11.2023。
BACKGROUND: Stress is a widespread phenomenon and reality of everyday life, entailing negative consequences for physical and psychological wellbeing. Previous studies have indicated that exposure to greenspaces and nature-based interventions are promising approaches to reducing stress and promoting
restoration. However, an increasing percentage of the population lives in urban regions with limited opportunities to spend time in greenspaces. In addition, urban settings typically feature increased levels of noise, which represents a major environmental stressor. Although various studies have compared the effects of exposure to greenspaces versus urban built environments, evidence of the effects of noise in this context is very limited. Psychophysiological benefits of exposure to greenspaces compared to urban built environments reported in earlier studies might be less (or at least not only) due to features of the greenspaces than to additional stressors, such as road traffic noise in the urban built environment. Hence, differences in the effects attributed to greenness in previous studies may also be due to potentially detrimental noise effects in comparison settings. This paper reports the
study protocol for a randomized, controlled intervention
study comparing the effects of walking in forest versus urban built environments, taking road traffic noise exposure during walks in the respective settings into account.
METHODS: The protocol envisages a field
study employing a pretest-posttest design to compare the effects of 30-min walks in urban built environments and forests with different road traffic noise levels. Assessments will consist of self-reported measures, physiological data (salivary cortisol and skin conductance), an attention test, and noise, as well as greenness measurements. The outcomes will be
restoration, stress, positive and negative affect, attention, rumination, and nature connectedness.
CONCLUSIONS: The results will inform about the restorative effect of walking in general, of exposure to different types of environments, and to different noise levels in these sites. The
study will provide insights into the benefits of walking and nature-based interventions, taking into account the potential detrimental effects of noise exposure. It will thus facilitate a better understanding of low-threshold interventions to prevent stress and foster wellbeing.
BACKGROUND: ISRCTN48943261 ; Registered 23.11.2023.