猪废水(SW),以高度复杂的有机和营养物质为特征,对水生环境和公众健康造成严重影响。此外,SW拥有具有巨大经济潜力的宝贵资源。因此,SW处理技术越来越重视资源回收,在逐步走向节能的同时,可持续性循环经济原则。这篇综述全面地概括了治疗SW的最新知识,包括常规(即,人工湿地,空气汽提和有氧系统)和基于资源利用的(即,厌氧消化,膜分离,厌氧氨氧化,微生物燃料电池,和基于微藻的系统)技术。此外,本研究还阐述了影响SW治疗性能的关键因素,如pH值,温度,溶解氧,水力停留时间和有机负荷率。再利用能源的潜力,还总结了SW处理过程中产生的生物质和消化物。此外,与全面实施相关的障碍,长期治疗,节能设计,强调了各种基于资源利用的SW处理技术的养分回收。此外,未来的研究前景,例如流程优化的优先级,深入探索微生物机制,提高能量转换效率,以及各种技术的集成,强调扩大工程应用,建立可持续的SW处理系统。
Swine wastewater (SW), characterized by highly complex organic and nutrient substances, poses serious impacts on aquatic environment and public health. Furthermore, SW harbors valuable resources that possess substantial economic potential. As such, SW treatment technologies place increased emphasis on
resource recycling, while progressively advancing towards energy saving, sustainability, and circular economy principles. This
review comprehensively encapsulates the state-of-the-art knowledge for treating SW, including conventional (i.e., constructed wetlands, air stripping and aerobic system) and
resource-utilization-based (i.e., anaerobic digestion, membrane separation, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, microbial fuel cells, and microalgal-based system) technologies. Furthermore, this research also elaborates the key factors influencing the SW treatment performance, such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, hydraulic retention time and organic loading rate. The potentials for reutilizing energy, biomass and digestate produced during the SW treatment processes are also summarized. Moreover, the obstacles associated with full-scale implementation, long-term treatment, energy-efficient design, and nutrient recovery of various
resource-utilization-based SW treatment technologies are emphasized. In addition, future research prospective, such as prioritization of process optimization, in-depth exploration of microbial mechanisms, enhancement of energy conversion efficiency, and integration of diverse technologies, are highlighted to expand engineering applications and establish a sustainable SW treatment system.