作为一种有延展性的新型抗原识别和调节工具，纳米体具有尺寸小的优点，表达的容易，筛选和修改，以及高亲和力和稳定性。纳米抗体能够识别传统抗体难以识别的更隐蔽的抗原表位，使它们越来越多地用于诊断和治疗各种疾病和化验。纳米体在基础研究中也发挥着不可替代的作用。本文综述了纳米抗体及其衍生物在小分子检测中的最新进展,病原微生物和疾病诊断，以及在靶向治疗领域，细胞和分子成像。还综述了纳米抗体在蛋白质构象研究领域的广阔前景。
As a malleable and novel tool for antigen recognition and modulation, nanobodies have the advantages of small size, easiness of expression, screening and modification, as well as high affinity and stability. Nanobodies are capable of recognizing more cryptic antigenic epitopes that are difficult to be recognized by traditional antibodies, making them increasingly used in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases and assays. Nanobodies are also playing an irreplaceable role in the basic research. This
review summarized the recent development of nanobodies and their derivatives in the detection of small molecules, pathogenic microorganisms and diagnosis of diseases, as well as in the fields of targeted therapies, cellular and molecular imaging. Broad prospects of nanobodies in the field of protein conformation studies were also reviewed.
