调查我国学龄前儿童健康相关行为依从率,并探索支持性的家庭环境,父母的行为,社会人口统计学和社区因素综合影响儿童的健康相关行为。
通过分层随机抽样程序,从31个省的471个县(区)的5760个村(居)委员会中选择了3至6岁的学龄前儿童,包括10967名3-6岁的学龄前儿童。该调查于2020年9月至2020年11月进行。
中国学龄前儿童达到中等至剧烈体力活动(MVPA)的比例,屏幕时间行为(ST),睡眠行为(SLP)指南为62.3%,52.8%,53.8%。在支持性的家庭环境因素中,父母在周末与孩子在一起的时间对儿童的MVPA影响最大,ST,和SLP,比值比(OR)值为2.18(95CI:1.97,2.40),0.69(0.63,0.76),和1.62(1.48,1.79),分别。在父母行为因素中,母亲的运动频率与孩子的MVPA和SLP有很强的关联,OR值为1.65(1.50,1.83)和1.24(1.13,1.37),母亲的屏幕时间与儿童的ST呈负相关,OR值为0.47(0.44,0.51)。
不同类型的家庭环境与不同级别的MVPA相关,中国学龄前儿童的ST和SLP。除了父母的教育和家庭收入的影响,父母还可以通过提供支持性的家庭环境来改善孩子的行为。这些因素在家庭中表现得越多,孩子们越有可能符合指导方针。因此,对于那些孩子的健康相关行为需要改善的家庭,父母应该创造支持性的家庭环境,例如通过少玩手机和花更多的时间与孩子。
To investigate the compliance rates of health-related behaviors among Chinese preschool children, and to explore how supportive family environment, parental behavior, sociodemographic and community factors affect children\'s health-related behavior comprehensively.
Preschool children aged 3 to 6 years were chosen from 5760 villages (residential) committees from 471 counties (districts) of 31 provinces by use of a stratified random sampling procedure, with 10,967 preschool children aged 3-6 years old included. The survey was conducted from September 2020 to November 2020.
The proportion of Chinese preschool children who met the moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time behavior (ST), and sleep behavior (SLP)
guidelines were 62.3%, 52.8%, and 53.8%. Among the supportive family environment factors, parents\' time with their children on weekends had the most significant impact on children\'s MVPA, ST, and SLP, with the odds ratio (OR) values of 2.18 (95%CI:1.97, 2.40), 0.69 (0.63, 0.76), and 1.62 (1.48, 1.79), respectively. Among the parental behavior factors, the mother\'s exercise frequency had a strong association with the children\'s MVPA and SLP, with OR values of 1.65 (1.50, 1.83) and 1.24 (1.13, 1.37), respectively; the mother\'s screen time was inversely associated with the children\'s ST with an OR value of 0.47 (0.44, 0.51).
Different types of family environments were associated with the different levels of MVPA, ST and SLP among Chinese preschool children. In addition to the influence of parents\' education and family income, parents could also improve their children\'s behaviors by providing a supportive family environment. The more of these factors presented in a family, the more likely it was for children to meet the
guidelines. Therefore, for those families whose children\'s health-related behaviors needed to be improved, the parents should create supportive family environments, such as by playing less on mobile phone and spending more time with children.